Effects of Diet on Hormones, Metabolism and Body Weight

描述（由申请人提供）： 近年来，儿童和年轻人肥胖症的患病率急剧增加。然而，常规治疗的长期效果不佳。本申请的短期目标是为全国公认的儿童肥胖症专家大卫路德维希医学博士提供受保护的时间，以指导以患者为导向的研究中的初级研究人员。路德维希博士有高质量的科学出版物，完成和当前NIH赠款和指导的跟踪记录。他是全国最古老、最大的儿童肥胖症诊所之一的创始主任，也是一个新的、全院范围的儿童肥胖症转化研究项目的联合主任。该项目的长期科学目标是研究饮食组成对激素反应，代谢，体重调节以及2型糖尿病和心血管疾病风险的影响。拟议的研究包括三个具体目标：1）一项喂养研究，比较减肥后的低脂、极低碳水化合物和低血糖负荷饮食; 2）一项为期2年的饮食治疗儿童肥胖的RCT; 3）一项为期2年的RCT，检查减少含糖饮料消费对肥胖青少年体重的影响。该项目的长期指导目标是通过提供各级（本科生，医科学生，居民，研究员和初级教师）的机会，帮助培训儿科肥胖和营养领域的临床科学家，从事最先进的临床研究，从机械导向的喂养研究到环境干预。研究环境是支持这些目标的理想选择，包括波士顿儿童医院的综合临床研究中心和哈佛医学院的K30培训计划（正在申请CTSC），优秀的患者和临床材料，以及令人兴奋的知识环境，众多临床和基础研究人员在相关领域工作。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The prevalence of obesity in children and young adults has increased dramatically in recent years. However, conventional treatment has had poor long-term effectiveness. The short-term goal of this application is to provide David Ludwig, MD, PhD, a nationally-recognized expert in childhood obesity, protected time to mentor junior investigators in patient-oriented research. Dr. Ludwig has a track record of high quality scientific publications, completed and current NIH grants, and mentoring. He is founding director of one of the country's oldest and largest pediatric obesity clinics, and co-director of a new, hospital-wide translational research program in pediatric obesity. The long-term scientific goal of this project is to examine the effects of dietary composition on hormonal response, metabolism, body weight regulation and risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The proposed research includes three Specific Aims: 1) a feeding study comparing low fat, very low carbohydrate and low glycemic load diets after weight loss; 2) a 2- year RCT of diet in the treatment of obesity in children; and 3) a 2-year RCT examining the effects of reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption on body weight in obese adolescents. The long-term mentoring goal of this project is to help train clinical scientists in the areas of pediatric obesity and nutrition by providing opportunities at all levels (undergraduate, medical student, resident, fellow and junior faculty) to work on state-of-the-art clinical research ranging from mechanistically oriented feeding studies to environmentally-based interventions. The research environment is ideal to support these goals, including the presence of a General Clinical Research Center at Children's Hospital Boston and a K30 training program at Harvard Medical School (with an application for CTSC pending), outstanding access to patients and clinical materials, and an exciting intellectual environment with numerous clinical and basic investigators working in related areas.