Longitudinal study of exposure to PBDEs and PFCs and child neurobehavior

描述（由申请人提供）：多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）和全氟烷基化学品（PFCs，包括全氟辛烷磺酸[PFOS]和全氟辛酸[PFOA]）是几十年前引入的持久性有机化学品。对多溴二苯醚和全氟化学品的动物研究和有限的人类研究发现了儿童发育神经毒性的证据，包括甲状腺激素紊乱、多动症、神经运动成熟延迟和认知能力受损。虽然这些化学品正在逐步淘汰，但人类仍将在环境中暴露于PBDE和PFC数十年，因为这些化合物被广泛用作消费品中的阻燃剂和表面活性剂。为了解决多溴联苯醚和全氟化学品对胎儿、婴儿和儿童神经行为发育的潜在不利健康风险，研究人员将系统地研究它们与甲状腺功能、认知、学习和记忆、运动技能、注意力和执行功能以及1至8岁儿童行为的关系。长期目标是量化多溴二苯醚和全氟化碳接触对儿童神经行为的作用，并为今后的预防工作提供信息。三个具体目标是：1）调查产前和产后接触多溴二苯醚和甲状腺激素与儿童神经行为之间的关系; 2）调查产前和产后接触全氟化学品和甲状腺激素与儿童神经行为之间的关系; 3）评估儿童通过经胎盘和哺乳途径以及室内灰尘接触多溴二苯醚的情况。研究人员将在健康结果和环境措施（HOME）研究中测试这些关联，这是一项由NIEHS资助的398名妇女及其子女的纵向出生队列，目前随访5年。研究人员将扩展队列，包括8岁的随访临床访视，并进行全面的神经行为评估。研究人员将检查不同发育阶段（妊娠16周、3岁、5岁和8岁时在子宫内）的多溴二苯醚和全氟化碳暴露情况，并使用储存的血清样本在1岁、2岁、3岁、4岁、5岁和8岁时测量儿童神经行为。这项纵向研究将使研究者能够确定剂量反应、易感性窗口和相关性的持续性。我们还将研究PBDE暴露的贡献，从房屋灰尘中的一个子集的儿童谁有完整的样本收集母亲血清和儿童血清在1，2，3年，沿着，随着广泛的措施，吸吮行为。这项研究与美国国立卫生研究院的使命密切相关，即调查普遍存在的环境毒物和儿童的神经发育。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and perfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFCs, including perfluorooctane sulfonic acid [PFOS] and perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA]) are persistent organic chemicals that were introduced several decades ago. Animal studies and limited human studies of PBDEs and PFCs have found evidence for developmental neurotoxicity in children, including thyroid hormone disruption, hyperactivity, delay in neuromotor maturation, and impaired cognition. Although these chemicals are being phased out, humans will still be exposed to PBDEs and PFCs in the environment for decades because these compounds were widely used as flame retardants and surfactants in consumer products. To address the potential adverse health risks of PBDEs and PFCs on fetal, infant, and child neurobehavioral development, the investigators will systematically examine their associations with thyroid function, cognition, learning and memory, motor skills, attention and executive function, and behavior from age 1 to 8 years. The long-term goal is to quantify the roles of PBDE and PFC exposures on child neurobehavior and to inform future prevention efforts. The three specific aims are to: 1) investigate the associations between prenatal and postnatal exposures to PBDEs and thyroid hormones and child neurobehavior; 2) examine the associations between prenatal and postnatal exposures to PFCs and thyroid hormones and child neurobehavior; and 3) assess the environmental exposure to PBDEs through transplacental and lactational routes and indoor dust in children. The investigators will test these associations in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, an ongoing NIEHS-funded longitudinal birth cohort of 398 women and their children with current follow-up to 5 years. The investigators will extend the cohort to include an age 8 follow-up clinical visit with comprehensive neurobehavior assessments. The investigators will examine the PBDE and PFC exposures at different developmental stages (in utero at 16 weeks of gestation, ages 3, 5, and 8 years) and child neurobehavior measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8 years using stored serum samples. This longitudinal study will allow the investigators to determine the dose response, windows of susceptibility, and persistence of the association. We will also examine the contribution of PBDE exposures from house dust in a subset of children who have complete sample collection of maternal serum and child serum at 1, 2, and 3 years, along with extensive measures of mouthing behaviors. This research is closely related to the NIH mission to investigate prevalent environmental toxicants and children's neurodevelopment.