Characterizing Exposures and Outcomes in an Urban Birth Cohort (CHERUB)

摘要-项目1 尽管许多研究表明，少数民族对环境有毒物质的风险增加， 暴露和不利的出生，健康和发育结果，没有出生队列的特点 美国东南部少数民族的暴露情况可能因气候差异而不同， 住房、人口和交通密度、文化和种族/民族构成。其中最著名的 健康方面的差距在于早产率（出生< 37周妊娠），这是婴儿死亡的一个重要预测因素。 健康和神经发育。与其他种族/民族相比，非洲裔美国人（AA）， 尤其是东南部的大都市，早产率明显升高。虽然AA 种族是缩短妊娠期的一个强有力的预测因素，但种族内的变异仍然知之甚少。增长 有证据表明，产前和产后的问题-外源性环境 暴露和内源性微生物组和代谢过程-影响出生结果， 神经系统通过复杂的关系。例如，微生物组在 环境毒物的系统前转化，相反，环境暴露可能会干扰 微生物组目前对AA母婴的外源性和内源性暴露知之甚少 对或如何他们联合收割机结合起来，影响婴儿的健康和发展，因为前瞻性研究的特点 暴露以及它们如何影响怀孕和婴儿健康的信息很少。 更好地理解外生环境与 内源性微生物组可能有助于解释个体对环境暴露的易感性。 拟议的研究将通过利用两个支柱研究的资源来填补现有的知识空白： 和数据收集的社会经济上不同的队列怀孕AA妇女参加我们的 最近启动的一项为期5年的研究（母体研究，R 01 NR 014800）评估了母体产前微生物组， 预测出生结果;（2）埃默里大学NIH资助的人类基因组的分析和生物信息学资源 Exposome研究中心（HERCULES; P30 ES 019776）。对于来自父代的现有队列的子集 研究（N=300对母婴），拟议研究将增加产前和产后环境暴露 评估数据（邻苯二甲酸酯、双酚A、溴化阻燃剂、农药、对羟基苯甲酸酯、空气污染物） 这将使我们更好地了解AA儿童所面临的胎儿和早期生命暴露的范围 并有机会评估这些产前暴露是否会影响出生结果。的成功 研究得到了一个代表暴露评估科学、母婴 卫生、流行病学和信息学;拟议研究和正在进行的研究的关键人员重叠 家长研究;埃默里大学的HERCULES Exposome研究中心及其 转化科学研究所（CTSA奖# NIH UL 1 TR 000454）。

ABSTRACT – Project 1 Despite numerous studies demonstrating the elevated risk of minorities for environmental toxicant exposures and adverse birth, health, and developmental outcomes, no birth cohorts have characterized exposures among minorities in the US Southeast, which are likely distinct due to differences in climate, housing, population and traffic density, culture, and racial/ethnic composition. Among the most pronounced of health disparities is in the rate of preterm birth (birth < 37 weeks gestation), an important predictor of infant health and neurodevelopment. Compared to those of other race/ethnicities, African Americans (AA), particularly those of the metropolitan Southeast, experience markedly elevated rates of preterm birth. While AA race is a strong predictor of shortened gestation, within-race variation remains poorly understood. Growing evidence supports that aspects of the prenatal and postnatal exposome – exogenous environmental exposures and endogenous microbiome and metabolic processes – influence birth outcomes and neurodevelopment through complex relationships. For example, the microbiome plays a role in the presystemic transformation of environmental toxicants and, conversely, environmental exposures may perturb the microbiome. Today little is known about the exogenous and endogenous exposures of AA mother-infant pairs or how they combine to affect infant health and development because prospective studies characterizing exposures and how they influence pregnancy and infant health are scarce. Gaining a better understanding of the complex relationships between the exogenous environment and the endogenous microbiome may help to explain inter-individual susceptibility to environmental exposures. The proposed study will fill existing knowledge gaps by leverage resources of two pillar studies: (1) Subjects and data collected from the socioeconomically diverse cohort of pregnant AA women participating in our recently initiated 5-year study (Parent Study, R01 NR014800) assessing the maternal prenatal microbiome as predictive of birth outcomes; (2) Analytic and bioinformatic resources of Emory University’s NIH-funded Human Exposome Research Center (HERCULES; P30 ES019776). For a subset of the existing cohort from the Parent Study (N=300 mother-infant pairs), the proposed study will add prenatal and postnatal environmental exposure assessment data (to phthalates, bisphenol A, brominated flame retardants, pesticides, parabens, air pollutants) that will provide both a better understanding of the range of fetal and early life exposures faced by AA children and an opportunity to assess whether these prenatal exposures influence birth outcomes. The success of this research is supported by a team representing expertise in exposure assessment science, maternal-child health, epidemiology and informatics; the overlap of key personnel for the proposed study and the on-going Parent Study; and support from Emory University’s HERCULES Exposome Research Center and its Translational Science Institute (CTSA award # NIH UL1TR000454).