Combined OCT/US/PAT system for intravascular Imaging

 描述（由申请人提供）：动脉粥样硬化是一种进行性疾病，其特征在于脂质、胆固醇、纤维成分、单核细胞和各种其他炎性细胞在动脉壁中的积聚。动脉粥样硬化是发达国家发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一。心脏病发作（86%）和脑动脉瘤（45%）死亡的主要原因是由于“易损斑块”突然破裂并引发血液凝块或血栓阻塞血流。早期发现斑块病变是预防动脉粥样硬化致命后果的第一步也是必要的一步。斑块病变潜在易损性的诊断依赖于组织结构和化学成分。能够提供结构和分子信息的多模态血管内成像将为临床医生提供诊断易损斑块、监测疾病进展和评估干预效果的至关重要的工具。该提案的广泛、长期目标是开发一种集成的多模式血管内成像系统，该系统结合了血管内超声（IVUS）、光学相干断层扫描（OCT）和光声断层扫描（PAT）。多模式血管内成像系统的独特之处在于，它结合了OCT的高空间分辨率、US的宽成像深度和PAT的分子对比度的优点。集成的IVUS/OCT/PAT将为医生提供成像、诊断和管理易损斑块的强大工具。具体目标是：（1）开发中心波长为1730 nm的高速纳秒光纤激光器，用于脂质造影PAT成像;（2）开发集成的IVUS/OCT/PAT成像导管;（3）开发结合IVUS/OCT/PAT的多模态成像系统;（4）在兔和猪动物模型中演示心血管斑块的实时体内多模态成像。拟议的研究需要一个由科学家、工程师和临床医生组成的跨学科团队。我们组建了这样一个团队：OCT/PAT组（来自UCI BLI的Chen博士）; IVUS/PAT组（来自南加州大学NIH换能器资源中心的Zhou和Shung博士）;以及介入心脏病学组（来自Dept. Patel博士）。在UCI的心脏病学）。预计这项研究将对心血管疾病的早期检测、预防和治疗产生重大影响。PHS 398

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease that is characterized by the accumulation of lipids, cholesterol, fibrous constituents, monocytes, and various other inflammatory cells in the arterial wall. Atherosclerosis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. The major cause of deaths from heart attacks (86%) and brain aneurysm (45%) are due to "vulnerable plaques" that rupture suddenly and trigger a blood clot or thrombus that blocks blood flow. Early detection of plaque lesions is the first and necessary step in preventing the lethal consequences of atherosclerosis. Diagnosis of the latent vulnerability of a plaque lesion relies on both tissue structural and chemical compositions. Multimodality intravascular imaging that can provide both structure and molecular information will provide clinicians with a critically important tool for diagnosing vulnerable plaques, monitoring the progression of disease, and evaluating the efficacy of intervention. The broad, long term objective of this proposal is to develop an integrated multimodal intravascular imaging system that combines intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and photoacoustic tomography (PAT). The multimodal intravascular imaging system is unique in that it combines the advantages of high spatial resolution of OCT, broad imaging depth of US, and molecular contrast of PAT. The integrated IVUS/OCT/PAT will provide the physician with a powerful tool for imaging, diagnosing, and managing vulnerable plaques. The specific aims are: (1) Develop a high-speed nanosecond fiber laser centered at 1730 nm for PAT imaging with lipid contrast; (2) Develop an integrated IVUS/OCT/PAT imaging catheter; (3) Develop a multimodality imaging system that combines IVUS/OCT/PAT; (4) Demonstrate real-time in vivo multimodality imaging of cardiovascular plaques in rabbit and porcine animal models. The proposed research requires an interdisciplinary team of scientists, engineers, and clinicians. We have assembled such a team: OCT/PAT group (Dr. Chen from BLI at UCI); IVUS/PAT group (Drs. Zhou and Shung from NIH Transducer Resource Center at USC); and Interventional cardiology group (Dr. Patel from Dept. of Cardiology at UCI). The proposed research is expected to have significant impact in the earlier detection, prevention, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. PHS 398