The PARC Education Program for First DUIs: Two-Year Followup of 43,000 Offenders

描述（由申请人提供）：三分之一被判酒后驾车（在酒精影响下驾驶）的司机将再次犯罪。这些司机对公众和他们自己的风险都大大增加了。大多数第一次酒后驾车的违法者被分配到一个短期的教育计划，作为法庭制裁的一部分或作为恢复执照的要求；然而，鉴于如此高的再犯率，这些项目显然可以得到改善。传统的项目试图激励违法者控制他们的饮酒，以避免未来的酒后驾车被捕，而一个新的项目——parc（预防与酒精有关的定罪）——引入了一种控制驾驶（饮酒事件）而不是控制饮酒（饮酒事件）的策略。这种减少伤害的方法源于对酒后驾车违法者未能避免因醉酒驾驶而再次被捕的原因的研究。这些研究人员发现，开车去参加饮酒活动的违规者开车回家时会受到伤害，因为尽管他们有意避免饮酒，但在其他人饮酒的环境中，他们无法控制自己的饮酒。尽管帕洛阿尔托研究中心的课程包含了关于酒精消费和酒精使用障碍的标准信息，这些信息为控制饮酒提供了基础，但帕洛阿尔托研究中心课程的中心主题是，将车辆留在家中是防止受损驾驶的最有效方法。佛罗里达州高速公路安全和机动车辆部提供了一个机会，可以在全州范围内对帕洛阿尔托研究中心的课程及其相对简单的保护概念进行随机临床试验。在2004年8月至2006年3月期间，在NIAAA的SBIR资助下，PARC和传统的初犯课程被随机分配到佛罗里达州的43,000名初犯。对前1万名至少有一年驾驶经验的参与者的评估表明，帕洛阿尔托研究中心的课程与再犯率降低42%有关。该应用程序建议对43,000名参与者的全部记录进行二次分析，这些记录现在可以在项目完成后的2到4年内进行跟踪，以验证初步研究中显示的好处，并确定哪种类型的罪犯受益最多，哪种受益最少（即男性，未成年司机，酗酒者，西班牙裔等），从而提供有关PARC项目的延续，扩展或修改的关键信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One-third of drivers convicted of DUI (driving under the influence of alcohol) will repeat the offense. These drivers present a significantly elevated risk to the public and to themselves. The majority of first-time DUI offenders are assigned to a short-term education program as part of their court sanction or as a requirement for license reinstatement; however, with such high recidivism rates, it is evident that these programs can be improved. Whereas traditional programs attempt to motivate offenders to control their drinking in order to avoid a future DUI arrest, a new program-PARC (Preventing Alcohol-Related Convictions)-introduces a strategy of controlling driving (to drinking events) rather than controlling drinking (at drinking events). This harm reduction approach grows out of research on the reasons DUI offenders fail to avoid additional arrests for impaired driving. These researchers found that offenders who drove to a drinking event would drive home impaired because, despite their intention to avoid drinking, they could not control their drinking in environments where others were consuming alcohol. Although the PARC course contains the standard information on alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders that provide a basis for controlling drinking, the central theme of the PARC curriculum is that leaving one's vehicle at home is the most effective way to prevent driving while impaired. An opportunity to initiate a statewide random clinical trial of the PARC curriculum and its relatively simple protective concept was provided by the State of Florida, Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles. Between August 2004 and March 2006, with SBIR funding from the NIAAA, the PARC and the Traditional first offender curricula were randomly assigned to 43,000 first DUI offenders in Florida. An evaluation of the first 10,000 participants with a minimum of one year of driving exposure showed the PARC curriculum was associated with a 42% reduction in recidivism. This application proposes a secondary analysis of the records of the full 43,000 participants that can now be tracked for 2 to 4 years after program completion to verify the benefits shown in the preliminary study and to determine which type of offender benefits the most and which benefits the least (i.e., males, underage drivers, heavy drinkers, Hispanics, and others), thereby, providing crucial information about the continuation, expansion, or modification of the PARC program.