AFEECTIVE INFLUENCES ON EXERCISE

这个子项目是许多利用 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 在我们最近完成的干预研究开始于1999年，我们一直在研究的机制，跟踪青少年女性的身体活动行为的一个完整的学年在一个控制的运动干预。 这种干预在几个方面是独特的：1）它针对久坐不动的，不健康的青少年女性; 2）它不仅跟踪随着时间的推移行为和健康，而且还可能跟踪行为变化的心理社会中介（例如，自我效能、社会支持、感知的活动障碍等）; 3）它在一项具有生理终点的综合研究中纳入了心理社会和生理假设。 结果表明，在提高久坐的青少年女性的身体健康和身体活动水平方面，干预是成功的;然而，所评估的拟议心理社会调解人都无法解释行为变化，以及干预对参与者健康的影响（即，VO 2 max，体脂百分比）最小。 这些发现表明，我们需要朝着新的方向前进，以确定影响青少年体育活动行为的突出因素，并利用这些知识设计更有效的干预措施，以促进增加活动。 也就是说，我们需要更好地了解青少年随着成熟而变得越来越久坐的自然过程，以便我们能够更好地扭转这一过程。 目前提出的研究扩展了我们的研究结果，通过测试一种新的生物行为模型，从最近的理论和实证工作。 这项工作的重点是运动相关的影响（包括急性和持久）作为一个主导因素，塑造青少年的身体活动行为。 运动相关情感作为影响身体活动参与水平的一个因素的作用是一个严重研究不足的领域。 两种不同类型的影响已被提出，以促进个人的行为选择方面的体育活动参与：急性运动引起的影响，和全球或持久的运动相关的影响。 第一个是指短暂的，即时的情绪效应，发生在一个单一的运动回合，而第二个是指一个人的更普遍的，综合的看法，他/她有多喜欢运动。 这两种类型的运动相关的影响将在本建议中进行探讨，如以下假设所述。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. In our recently completed intervention study commencing in 1999, we have been examining the mechanisms of physical activity behavior by tracking adolescent females for a full school year in a controlled exercise intervention. This intervention was unique in several ways: 1) it targeted sedentary, unfit adolescent females; 2) it tracked not only behavior and fitness over time but also likely psychosocial mediators of behavior change (e.g., self-efficacy, social support, perceived barriers to activity, etc¿); and 3) it incorporated both psychosocial and physiological hypotheses in an integrated study with a physiological endpoint. Results demonstrate that the intervention was successful in terms of enhancing physical fitness and physical activity levels among sedentary adolescent females; yet, none of the proposed psychosocial mediators assessed were able to explain the behavior change, and the impact of the intervention on participants' fitness (i.e., VO2max, percent body fat) was minimal. What these findings suggest is that we need to move in new directions in order to identify the salient factors shaping adolescent physical activity behavior and use this knowledge to design more effective interventions for promoting increased activity. That is, we need to gain a better understanding of the natural process by which adolescents become increasingly sedentary with maturation, so that we can do a better job of reversing this process. The currently proposed study extends our findings to date by testing a novel biobehavioral model drawn from recent theoretical and empirical work. This work focuses on exercise-related affect (both acute and enduring) as a dominant factor shaping adolescent physical activity behavior . The role of exercise-associated affect as a factor shaping levels of physical activity participation is an area that has been seriously understudied. Two distinct types of affect have been proposed to contribute to individual behavior choices in terms of physical activity participation: acute exercise-induced affect, and global or enduring exercise-associated affect. The first refers to the transient, immediate mood effects that occur following a single exercise bout, whereas the second refers to an individuals' more pervasive, integrated perception of how much s/he enjoys exercising. Both types of exercise-associated affect will be explored in this proposal, as described in the following hypotheses.