EVENT-LEVEL ANALYSIS OF EXPECTANCIES, ALCOHOL USE, AND CONSEQUENCES

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精使用，滥用和由此产生的负面后果在大学生中已被广泛记录。尽管大量的努力和最近的进展，了解和防止过度消费和相关的伤害，相当大的差距，在文献中的病因和维持高风险的大学饮酒仍然存在。先前的研究已经证明，与酒精相关的负面事件可以促进饮酒行为的改变，改变的动机以及与饮酒相关的认知。这项拟议中的研究将有助于了解如何自我改变可能发生在年轻的成年大学生作为一个结果，经历了负面后果。在这个建议中，我们使用事件层面的观点来研究预期，饮酒和后果的相互关系。使用交互式语音应答（IVR），400名大学生将报告他们的期望，饮酒和酒精相关的后果，每天三次，为期两周，为期一年。通过使用随时间推移的每日报告，我们可以确保预期、饮酒和后果之间的时间关系;最大限度地减少回忆偏差;调查预期、饮酒和后果之间的相互关系;并检查人内和人与人之间对饮酒和后果的影响。使用多水平模型，我们将（1）检查酒精预期和酒精使用之间的日常关系;（2）研究预期，后果和饮酒随时间的双向影响;（3）检查饮酒的直接后果是否会改变随后的预期和饮酒随时间的变化;以及（4）检验预期、饮酒和后果之间的人内关系的时变和时变调节因子。与自我改变相关的因素对于理解高风险饮酒的维持和波动非常重要，并可能最终有助于为有风险但不寻求干预或治疗的饮酒者提供针对性干预措施。 公共卫生相关性：先前的研究已经证明，与酒精相关的负面事件可以促进年轻人和大学生饮酒行为的改变，改变的动机以及与饮酒相关的认知。这项拟议中的研究将有助于了解如何自我改变可能发生在年轻的成年大学生作为一个结果，经历了负面后果。与自我改变相关的因素对于理解高风险饮酒的维持和波动非常重要，并可能最终有助于为有风险但不寻求干预或治疗的饮酒者提供针对性干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol use, misuse and resulting negative consequences among college students have been extensively documented. Despite substantial efforts and recent advances in understanding and preventing excessive consumption and related harm, considerable gaps in the literature regarding etiology and maintenance of high-risk college drinking remain. Prior research has documented that negative alcohol-related events can promote changes to drinking behavior, motivations for change, and cognitions related to drinking. The proposed study will help to understand how self-change might occur among young adult college students as a result of experienced negative consequences. In this proposal, we use an event-level perspective to examine the interrelationships of expectancies, drinking, and consequences. Using Interactive Voice Response (IVR), 400 college students will report on their expectancies, drinking, and alcohol-related consequences three times daily for four two-week intervals over one year. By using daily reports over time, we can ensure temporal relationships between expectancies, drinking, and consequences; minimize recall bias; investigate reciprocal relationships of expectancies, drinking and consequences; and examine both within- and between-person influences on drinking and consequences. Using multilevel modeling, we will (1) examine the daily relationships between alcohol expectancies and alcohol use; (2) study bidirectional influences of expectancies, consequences, and drinking over time; (3) examine whether the immediate consequences of drinking change subsequent expectancies and drinking over time; and (4) examine the time-varying and time-in varying moderators of the within-person relationships between expectancies, drinking, and consequences. The factors related to self-change are important for understanding the maintenance and fluctuations of high-risk drinking and may ultimately help inform interventions targeted to drinkers who are at risk for consequences but are not seeking intervention or treatment. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Prior research has documented that negative alcohol-related events can promote changes to drinking behavior, motivations for change, and cognitions related to drinking among young adults and college students. The proposed study will help to understand how self-change might occur among young adult college students as a result of experienced negative consequences. The factors related to self-change are important for understanding the maintenance and fluctuations of high-risk drinking and may ultimately help inform interventions targeted to drinkers who are at risk for consequences but are not seeking intervention or treatment.