Modeling Viral Infections and Immunity

摘要 要求为题为“病毒感染和免疫建模”的Keystone专题讨论会提供支助， 由艾伦·S博士组织。放大图片作者：Robert J.霍奇金会议将于 埃斯蒂斯公园，科罗拉多，2017年5月1日至4日。病毒感染模型提供了发病机制的见解 和治疗HIV、HCV、HSV-2、CMV和其它病毒。它对揭示人类的寿命有影响， 受感染的细胞，病毒产生和从循环中清除的速度，以及用于评估受感染细胞的方法。 抗病毒治疗的有效性。例如，艾滋病毒仍然是全球健康威胁， 有兴趣揭示艾滋病毒主要储存库的特征，潜伏感染细胞和减少艾滋病毒感染的机制。 通过药理学手段改变这个储库的大小。类似的问题围绕着许多其他病毒病原体。 因此，本次会议将利用最新的建模方法，以解决我们的知识差距 对病毒的细胞介导和体液免疫反应的研究，以及识别 开发新的疫苗和疗法。由于病毒感染通常发生在组织中，会议将 讨论成像技术和建模和分析空间感染数据的方法，组织的作用， 常驻记忆细胞和免疫调节的重要特征，如免疫耗竭，细胞因子 细胞之间的信号传导，以及病毒对先天反应的颠覆和对适应性反应的逃避。的 会议将强调我们认为是治疗病毒感染的重大障碍，并将汇集 实验病毒学家、医生科学家和各种类型和经验的模型制作者， 正常见面。我们预计，这次会议将促进实验学家和 理论家之间，以及研究不同病毒感染或病毒不同方面的理论家之间， 感染，以及帮助年轻的科学家制定新的研究方向，并与 资深科学家。 与NIAID的相关性：NIAID支持艾滋病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和流感感染等主题的研究， 治疗对这些感染的建模已经并将继续提供有关以下方面的重要信息： 发病机制、治疗策略、耐药性、病毒进化和疫苗策略以及 关于病毒在人群中传播和扩散的流行病学信息。病毒感染 建模也被应用于新出现的感染，如埃博拉病毒和寨卡病毒感染， 会议召开时，将提供有关以下因素相互作用的基本和定量信息： 这种病毒与其宿主，治疗和疫苗策略的影响。支持创新建模 方法和鼓励对生物威胁物剂进行更多的定量建模也属于 NIAID。

ABSTRACT Support is requested for a Keystone Symposia conference entitled Modeling Viral Infections and Immunity, organized by Drs. Alan S. Perelson, Rob J. De Boer and Phillip D. Hodgkin. The conference will be held in Estes Park, Colorado from May 1-4, 2017. Viral infection modeling has provided insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of HIV, HCV, HSV-2, CMV and other viruses. It has had impact in revealing the lifespan of infected cells, how rapidly virus is produced and cleared from the circulation, and the means for evaluating the effectiveness of antiviral treatments. For example, HIV remains a global health threat and there is great interest in revealing features of the main HIV reservoir, latently infected cells and mechanisms of reducing the size of this reservoir by pharmacological means. Similar questions revolve around many other viral pathogens. Thus, this conference will take advantage of the latest modeling approaches to address gaps in our knowledge of the cell-mediated and humoral immune responses to viruses and the identifying the information needed to develop new vaccines and therapeutics. Since viral infections generally occur in tissues, the conference will discuss imaging techniques and methods of modeling and analyzing spatial infection data, the role of tissue- resident memory cells, and important features of immune regulation, such as immune exhaustion, cytokine signaling between cells, and viral subversion of innate responses and escape from adaptive responses. The conference will highlight what we believe are significant hurdles to curing viral infections and will bring together experimental virologists, physician scientists and modelers of various types and experience, groups that do not normally meet. We anticipate that this conference will foster new collaborations between experimentalists and theoreticians, and between theoreticians working on different viral infections or different aspects of viral infections, as well as help junior scientists formulate new research directions and make connections with established senior scientists. Relevance to NIAID: NIAID supports research on topics such as HIV, HCV and influenza infection and treatment. Modeling of these infections has provided and will continue to provide important information about pathogenesis, treatment strategies, drug resistance, viral evolution and vaccine strategies as well as epidemiological information about viral transmission and spread at the population level. Viral infection modeling is also being applied to emerging infections, such as Ebola and Zika virus infection and, by the time of the conference, will have provided fundamental and quantitative information about the interactions of this virus with its host, the effects of treatment and vaccine strategies. Supporting innovative modeling approaches and encouraging more quantitative modeling of biothreat agents is also under the purview of NIAID.