High Risk Drinking in Emerging Adult at Risk Women

描述（由申请人提供）：当前研究的广泛、长期目标是降低新兴成年女性高危亚群中饮酒问题和相关危害的患病率。先前的研究已经确定，特定的青年亚群体危险饮酒的风险较高；这种差异在年轻的女同性恋和双性恋女性中尤为明显。拟议的研究旨在评估年轻女性危险饮酒的风险和保护因素，重点关注自我药物治疗和社会影响。尽管人们对高危女性饮酒行为的相对流行程度了解得更多，但很少有研究调查这一人群特有的饮酒风险因素或保护因素。此外，很少有研究调查了年轻危险妇女饮酒的可能中介和调节因素，特别是利用纵向或事件水平方法的研究。这些方法对于减少回忆失真，充分检查变量之间的时间关系以及了解有害饮酒的发展至关重要。本研究的目的是检验自我药物治疗和应对动机以及社会影响和身份显著性在预测年轻（18-25岁）高危女性饮酒行为中的作用。我们将研究这些行为是如何随着时间的推移而改变的，并将进行一项较小的探索性研究，以调查饮酒女性的饮酒情况。为了实现这一目标，这项研究将包括通过在线网络社区和广告招募的900名妇女。有害饮酒和建议的饮酒调解者和调解者将在三年内每年进行评估。一个由100名每周至少喝两次酒的妇女组成的小组将每年完成两周的每日测量，以检查每日水平的风险因素和饮酒行为。具体目标是：1)测试高风险饮酒的自我药物模型，其中压力源，心理困扰和饮酒应对被检查与危险饮酒的关系；2)检验高风险饮酒的社会影响模型，其中社会影响、社会规范、社会动机和身份显著性随时间的变化与饮酒危险的关系；3)研究压力、心理困扰、社会情境共变和情境特定饮酒规范在预测日常饮酒行为中的事件层面的人际关系。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad, long-term objective of the current research is to reduce the prevalence of problem drinking and related harm in at-risk subgroups of emerging adult women. Prior research has established that specific subgroups of youth are at elevated risk for hazardous drinking; this disparity is particularly striking for young lesbian and bisexual women. The proposed research aims to evaluate risk and protective factors for hazardous drinking in young women, focusing on both self-medication and social influences. Although more is known regarding the relative prevalence of drinking behaviors in at-risk women, there is little research examining risk factors or protective factors for drinking that are specific to this population. Furthermore, few studies have examined possible mediators and moderators of drinking in young at-risk women, especially studies utilizing longitudinal or event-level methodologies. These methodologies are critical in order to reduce recall distortion, adequately examine temporal relationships between variables, and understand the development of hazardous drinking over time. The purpose of the present application is test the role of self-medication and coping motives and the role of social influences and identity salience in predicting drinking behavior among young (age 18-25) at-risk women. We will examine both how these behaviors change over time and will also conduct a smaller exploratory study to examine drinking at the event-level women who drink. To accomplish this objective the study will include 900 women recruited through online networking communities and advertisements. Hazardous drinking and proposed mediators and moderators of drinking will be assessed annually for three years. A subgroup of 100 women who drink at least twice per week will complete two weeks of daily measures annually to examine risk factors and drinking behavior at the daily level. Specific aims are: 1) testing a self-medication model of high risk drinking, where stressors, psychological distress, and drinking to cope are examined in relation to hazardous drinking over time; 2) testing a social influences model of high risk drinking, where social influences, social norms, social motives, and identity salience are examined in relation to drinking hazardous drinking over time; 3) To examine event-level within-person relationships between stress, psychological distress, covariation in social contexts, and situation-specific drinking norms in predicting daily drinking behavior.