High-homogeneity superconducting magnet system for magnetic resonance approaches to quantum computing

随着经典信息处理通过计算和通信的进步塑造了当今的社会、技术和经济，利用量子信息将从根本上导致更强大的设备和更大的影响。量子信息的力量在于量子力学的数学结构，其中出现了叠加、纠缠和量子平行等非经典概念。不仅肖尔的因式分解算法等量子算法比经典算法更强大，量子信息处理(QIP)是继续让计算机变得更小、更快的关键。将量子信息论的思想和概念付诸实践，对于将主导21世纪的量子技术的发展至关重要。我们的研究目标是通过开发原型器件和QIP所需的量子控制和测量技术，显著影响物理实现的量子设备的科学和技术。我们特别关注的是利用自旋的粒子特性以一种稳健的方式编码量子信息。在固态系统中实现基于自旋的量子比特(Qubit)提供了一条具有技术吸引力的可扩展量子设备的道路：这种方法让人想起(并建立在)半导体电子工业的基础上，并准备受益于目前正在开发的基于新型纳米结构材料的尖端技术。这项研究工具和仪器赠款将资助一个高均匀度超导磁体系统，该系统将与低温测量仪器结合在一起。它将使对磁共振方法的研究成为可能，从而实现QIP和量子器件研究。

As classical information processing has shaped today's society, technology and economy through advances in computing and communication, harnessing quantum information will lead to fundamentally more powerful devices and even greater impacts.  The power of quantum information lies in the mathematical structure of quantum mechanics, in which the non-classical concepts of superposition, entanglement and quantum parallelism arise.  Not only are quantum algorithms such as Shor's factoring algorithm more powerful than their classical counterparts, quantum information processing (QIP) is the key to continuing to make computers smaller and faster. Taking the ideas and concepts of quantum information theory and implementing them physically is crucial to the development of quantum technologies that will dominate in the 21st century.The goal of our research is to significantly impact the science and technology of physically realized quantum devices, by developing prototype devices and the quantum control and measurement techniques necessary for QIP.  Our particular focus is on using the particle property of spin to encode quantum information in a robust way.  Realizing spin-based quantum bits (qubits) in solid-state systems offers a technologically attractive path to scalable quantum devices: this approach is reminiscent of (and builds on) the semiconductor electronics industry, and is poised to benefit from cutting edge technologies now being developed based on novel nanostructured materials.  This Research Tools and Instruments Grant will fund a high-homogeneity superconducting magnet system to be incorporated with a low-temperature measurement apparatus. It will enable investigations of magnetic resonance approaches to QIP and quantum device studies.