Automated data collection in tall building construction

设想的是一种自动化系统，可以弥合真实田野条件和虚拟世界之间的差距。与新建筑和翻新相关的室内施工尤其难以自动跟踪，部分原因是受限空间的拥堵、可变的光照条件和不断变化的工作环境。在工作日结束时，设想的系统将检查建设项目的数字设计和进度模型，即4D建筑信息模型或4D-BIM，以确定进度和质量检查的地点并确定优先顺序。在确定了访问每个地点的最有效路径后，将派遣一架无人机(UAV)。将针对室内环境开发一种创新的无人机导航系统，使无人机能够自主、弹性和安全地运行，从而使无人机知道自己在哪里，需要去哪里，以及如何高效、安全地到达那里。提取的有关施工进度的位置、数量和质量的信息将被传回4D-BIM。此外，还提出可以通过动画和交互显示技术(如数字洞穴)来可视化这些信息。这个循环过程在整个施工阶段持续进行，并确保将真实世界的条件顺利、可互操作和准确地集成到设计模型中。与这项提议相关的研究挑战是开发和集成无人机在受限空间中的自主导航系统，实时路径规划和数据捕获优先方法，以及与可视化工具通信的通用软件独立框架。*这项跨学科研究的成果可以提高现场项目经理对技术的可及性。允许用户通过沉浸式环境(如数字洞穴或谷歌眼镜)直接与BIM设计交互并对其进行更改的潜力是令人兴奋的，例如移动或改变门的转动方向。跟踪建设进度状态--什么已经建成，什么还没有--可能会对建筑业产生重大影响。实时数据可以为业主和承包商提供循证决策和创新支持。这一设想的系统将有助于全面了解情况，简化施工数据的收集、分析和可视化。

Envisioned is an automated system that bridges the gap between real field conditions and the virtual world. Indoor construction, which relates to new construction and renovations, is especially difficult to track automatically due in part to congestion in confined spaces, variable light conditions, and continually changing work environment. At the end of the workday, the envisioned system will examine the digital design and schedule model, known as 4D building information models or 4D-BIMs, of the construction project to identify and prioritize locations for progress and quality inspections. After determining the most efficient path to visit each location, an unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) will be dispatched. An innovative UAV navigation system will be developed specific to indoor environments to allow autonomous, resilient, and safe operation of UAV, thereby allowing the UAV to know where it is, where it needs to go, and how to get there efficiently and safely. The information extracted about the location, quantity, and quality of progress of construction will then be communicated back to the 4D-BIM. Further, it is proposed that this information can be visualized in animating and interactive display technologies such as digital caves. This cyclic process continues throughout the construction stage and ensures smooth, interoperable, and accurate integration of real-world conditions into design models. The research challenges related to this proposal are the development and integration of an autonomous navigation system for UAV in confined spaces, a real time path planning and data capture prioritization method, and a generalized software-independent framework to communicate with visualization tools.****The outcomes of this interdisciplinary research can improve the accessibility of technology for project managers on the site. The potential to allow the user to directly interact with and make changes in a BIM design, such as moving or changing the direction of swing of a door, through an immersive environment, such as digital caves or google glasses, is exciting. Tracking the state of progress in construction – what has been built and what has not – can have a major impact on the construction industry. Real time data can support the owner and the contractor with evidence-based decision making and innovation. This envisioned system would facilitate complete situational awareness, streamlining collection, analysis, and visualization of construction data.***