Novel Phases and Physical Properties of Classical and Quantum Materials at Extreme Conditions

拟议的在极端压力和温度条件下对经典和量子材料物理进行的研究和HQP培训方案是对现有项目和新研究举措的延续。该计划包括四个主要的长期研究目标：(A)通过广泛使用钻石顶锤技术，揭示在极端条件下可能表现出不寻常物理性质的经典和量子材料中的新型致密相；(B)将通过实验测量的新型致密相材料的物理性质与计算机模拟的性质进行比较，以改进实验结果和计算模型(C)密集利用同步辐射探测致密物质；(D)开发探测极端条件下的凝聚态物质所需的创新实验方法、设备和纳米传感器。作为下一个授权期的短期目标，我们将(I)研究致密的2D和准2D量子系统的物理性质，包括van der wallers插层材料，主要但不是唯一的，重点是在极端条件下探索BN和C基固体。在这种情况下，使用极端温度和压力意味着通过调节固态中的原子相互作用来引起光学/电子响应的变化，以在电子学和传感方面具有潜在的有用应用(Ii)探索由氮与元素和其他简单分子混合形成的新型二元化合物的合成条件，利用压力在高密度下诱导非常规成键(III)系统地研究了这些新型致密的范德华固体作为创新的固态储能系统和具有特殊化学计量比和特殊物理性质的新型氮化物相形成二元化合物的条件和物理性质(IV)发展了一种在极端条件下研究量子材料的新方法。即使用基于飞秒激光的辐射源的高压太赫兹时域光谱(V)通过化学气相沉积生长具有受控杂质水平和晶体微结构的金刚石和类金刚石材料，以生产功能化的掺杂金刚石纳米传感器和镶嵌钻石的微电路，这两者都是实现极端条件、探测高密度材料的电和磁特性以及开发精确计量的关键。除了在我们的实验室和渥太华大学的核心研究设施中使用仪器外，拟议的计划还将在很大程度上利用国内和国际合作者的同步辐射设施。我们建议的项目和研究环境，旨在实现可访问性和包容性，将为学生和博士后研究员提供高度激励和全面的培训。

The proposed research and HQP training programs in physics of classical and quantum materials under extreme pressure and temperature conditions represent a continuation of current projects and new research initiatives. The program is comprised of four main long-term research goals: (a) unravel novel dense phases in classical and quantum materials which may present unusual physical properties at extreme conditions, achieved by the extensive use of diamond anvil cell techniques (b) compare the experimentally measured physical properties of novel dense phases of materials with computationally simulated properties to refine both the experimental results and computational modelling (c) make an intensive use of synchrotron radiation to probe dense materials (d) develop innovative experimental methods, devices, and nanosensors necessary to probe condensed matter submitted to extreme conditions. As short-term goals during the next granting period, we will (i) study the physical properties of dense 2D and quasi-2D quantum systems including van der Walls intercalated materials with the main, but not exclusive, focus on the exploration of BN and C based solids at extreme conditions. In this case, the use of extreme temperature and pressure is meant to induce changes of the optical/electronic response by tuning atomic interactions in the solid state for potentially useful applications in electronics and sensing (ii) pursue the exploration of conditions for the synthesis of novel binary compounds formed by nitrogen mixed with elements and other simple molecules, using pressure to induce unconventional bonding at high density (iii) carry out a systematic study of the conditions for binary compound formation and the physical properties of these novel dense van der Waals solids as innovative solid state energy storage systems and novel nitride phases with uncommon stoichiometry and unusual physical properties (iv) pursue the development of a new method for the study of quantum materials at extreme conditions. i.e., THz time-domain spectroscopy at high pressure using femtosecond laser-based radiation sources (v) grow diamond and diamond-like materials with controlled impurity level and crystalline microstructure by chemical vapour deposition to produce functionalized doped diamond nanosensors and diamond-embedded microcircuitry, both central to achieving extreme conditions, probing electrical and magnetic properties of high-density materials and developing accurate metrology. In addition to using instrumentation in our laboratory and core research facilities at uOttawa, the proposed program will largely take advantage of synchrotron radiation facilities with national and international collaborators. Our proposed program and research environment, designed to be accessible and inclusive, will provide a highly motivating and comprehensive training for students and postdoctoral fellows.