Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Core-Periphery Delineations in the Late-Prehistoric Greater Antilles: A Jamaican Investigation

博士论文改进补助金：史前晚期大安的列斯群岛的核心边缘划分：牙买加的调查

• 批准号: 0135324
• 负责人: Tom Dillehay
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-01-15 至 2003-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0135324&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Core

Ms. Betty Jo Stokes, under the direction of Dr. Tom D. Dillehay, will conduct an archaeological investigation to gather data for completion of her doctoral dissertation at the University of Kentucky. She will complete an archaeological survey in the White and Rio Nuevo River valleys on the island of Jamaica to determine the historical relationship between the prehistoric Native American groups (Taino) of the island compared to those found on other islands in the Greater Antilles. Differences in the social organization of the Taino people at the end of the 15th century A.D. on these islands has been oversimplified identifying some islands, such as Jamaica, as less culturally developed than others prior to European contact. Currently, Taino groups are labeled as either part of the cultural "core" of the Taino world as on Puerto Rico island where many of the characteristics of that culture are well understood and easily recognized or as a part of the cultural "periphery" where groups are often considered less developed. Jamaica is currently considered part of the Taino periphery, but that designation has been based on very little concrete evidence, and in fact, the historical accounts written by the first Spanish explorers into this region refutes this. Using the Jamaican Taino as a test case, this project seeks to provide a systematic study in one area of the Taino world where the identification of what constitutes a "core" region and what constitutes a "periphery" is unclear in order to elucidate the key factors involved in identifying core versus periphery culture areas. This study compliments other archaeological studies that have expanded the uses of core-periphery analysis beyond modern global interactions as used for social geographical analysis to draw out relationships in the prehistoric world.By collecting data through an archaeological survey, various aspects of Jamaican Taino political, religious, and economic life can be identified and combined with existing historical information to directly address the nature of the social organization of Jamaican Taino. This project will clarify the culture history and cultural identity of the indigenous peoples once inhabiting this area. Additionally, it will give an indication how tribal chiefdom societies are maintained and developed, highlight how island landscapes can be used as productive cultural features, and provide a case example for comparison to other tribal chiefdoms around the world. This research is also important because it will help shed new light on the historical social context in which Europeans, and consequently African peoples, encountered the New World. The culture of the Taino was abruptly abbreviated by the introduction of European people into the Caribbean. However, remnants of this culture can still be found in modern Jamaican traditions and identity. This project seeks to recognize and embrace these components by providing an understanding of how Jamaican Taino fits into the broader social context of the pre-contact Caribbean and, thereby, a more accurate and complete picture of Jamaican history. It will also contribute to training a promising young scientist.

在Tom D. Dillehay博士的指导下，Betty Jo Stokes女士将进行一项考古调查，收集数据，以完成她在肯塔基大学的博士论文。她将在牙买加岛上的怀特河谷和里约热内卢纽埃沃河谷完成一项考古调查，以确定该岛的史前美洲原住民群体（泰诺人）与大安的列斯群岛其他岛屿上发现的群体之间的历史关系。公元15世纪末，泰诺人在这些岛屿上的社会组织差异被过分简化了，认为一些岛屿，如牙买加，在与欧洲人接触之前，文化不如其他岛屿发达。目前，泰诺群体被标记为泰诺世界文化“核心”的一部分，如波多黎各岛，该文化的许多特征被很好地理解和容易识别，或者被标记为文化“边缘”的一部分，该群体通常被认为是欠发达的。牙买加目前被认为是泰诺外围的一部分，但这种说法几乎没有确凿的证据，事实上，第一批进入该地区的西班牙探险家所写的历史记录驳斥了这一点。本计划以牙买加泰诺文化为测试案例，试图对泰诺世界的一个地区进行系统研究，在这个地区，什么构成“核心”地区，什么构成“边缘”尚不清楚，以阐明识别核心文化区域与边缘文化区域所涉及的关键因素。这项研究是对其他考古学研究的补充，这些研究将核心-外围分析的使用范围扩展到现代全球互动之外，用于社会地理分析，以绘制史前世界的关系。通过考古调查收集数据，可以识别牙买加泰诺人政治，宗教和经济生活的各个方面，并与现有的历史信息相结合，直接解决牙买加泰诺人社会组织的性质。该项目将澄清曾经居住在该地区的土著人民的文化历史和文化认同。此外，它还将表明部落酋长社会是如何维持和发展的，突出如何利用岛屿景观作为生产性文化特征，并提供一个与世界各地其他部落酋长管辖地进行比较的案例。这项研究也很重要，因为它将有助于揭示新的历史社会背景，欧洲人，因此是非洲人，遇到了新世界。泰诺人的文化因欧洲人进入加勒比海而突然缩短。然而，这种文化的残余仍然可以在现代牙买加的传统和身份中找到。本项目旨在通过了解牙买加泰诺语如何融入接触前加勒比地区更广泛的社会背景，从而更准确、更完整地了解牙买加历史，从而认识并接纳这些组成部分。它还将有助于培养有前途的年轻科学家。