"EMSW21-RTG": Laboratory and Mathematical Fluid Dynamics: Experiments, Computation, and Modeling

液体无处不在，在我们呼吸的空气中，在我们喝的水中。作为生物体，流体提供了我们生存的环境，对流体运动的理解（从最小的微尺度生物体到搅动大气的最大的行星尺度风暴）对于理解生物体如何运作至关重要。理解流体动力学是一项实验和数学上的努力。本研究训练补助金将协助培养各类学生（本科生、研究生和研究生）从事实验和理论科学的交叉研究，重点是通过实验室实验发现新的流体现象，并发展数学理论以更好地预测这些新现象。所提供的培训将为未来的数学科学家做好准备，使他们能够直接与生物和环境流体动力学领域的实验员接触，这对于理解我们如何在广泛的时空尺度上与环境相互作用至关重要。学员将被培养成为真正的跨学科数学科学家，在数学技术和实验实验室方法方面都具有专业知识。在北卡罗来纳大学数学系和物理系的流体动力学实验室中研究的实验流体现象将成为统一平衡研究方法的重点，该方法将汇集新的实验和新的数学（理论和计算）预测，以更好地理解自然界中的流体现象。具体的重点将放在微流体传输现象（与肺粘膜纤毛传输直接相关）和实验室规模的分层流体现象（与大气和海洋中的混合直接相关）的两种不同的实验制度上。通过结构化的指导系统（包括8名数学教师和1名物理教师顾问）、参与实验室的轮转、定期小组会议和修改的学习课程，RTG资助将培养新一代数学科学家，他们准备好了必要的工具，能够有效地从事真正的跨学科科学工作。

Fluids are everywhere, in the air we breathe, and in the water we drink. As living organisms, fluids provide the environment in which we live, and the understanding of fluid motion (from the smallest micro-scale organisms to the largest planetary-scale storms which stir our atmosphere) is vital to understanding how living organisms function.The understanding of fluid dynamics is both an experimental and mathematical endeavor. This research training grant will facilitate training of a full spectrum of students (undergraduates, graduates, and post-graduates) to work at the interface of experimental and theoretical science in research focused upon discovering new fluid phenomena through laboratory experiments, and the development of mathematical theory for better predicting these new phenomena. The training provided will prepare future mathematical scientists to engage directly with experimentalists in the area of biological and environmental fluid dynamics crucial to understanding how we interact with our environment on a wide range of spatio-temporal scales. The trainees will be developed into true interdisciplinary mathematical scientists with expertise in both mathematical technique and experimental laboratory method. The experimental fluid phenomena studied in the UNC fluid dynamics laboratories housed in the Mathematics and Physics departments will be the focus of a uniformly balanced research approach which will bring together new experiments and new mathematical (theoretical and computational) predictions to better our understanding of fluid phenomena in nature.The specific focus will be upon two different experimental regimes of micro-fluidic transport phenomena (directly relevant to muco-ciliary transport in the lung), and of laboratory-scale stratified fluid phenomena (directly relevant to mixing in the atmosphere and oceans). Through a combination of a structured advising system (with 8 mathematics and 1 physics faculty advisors), rotations through the involved laboratories, regular group meetings, and a modified course of study, this RTG grant will develop a new generation of mathematical scientists prepared with the necessary tools to effectively work on truly interdisciplinary science.