DDRI: Sociopolitical Dynamics in the Lima Polity: A Community - Level View from Cerro Manchay

DDRI：利马政体的社会政治动态：Cerro Manchay 的社区层面观点

• 批准号: 0837835
• 负责人: Marc Bermann
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-15 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0837835&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DDRI; Sociopolitical; Dynamics; Lima; Polity

Under the supervision of Dr. Marc Bermann, Giancarlo Marcone will analyze data generated from archaeological excavations at the site of Cerro Manchay on the Peruvian central coast. Cerro Manchay (also known as "Lote B") is a settlement pertaining to an important regional archaeological culture known as the Lima culture. Poorly known to date, the Lima Culture offers an excellent context for researching aspects of sociopolitical transformation in Andean prehistory. Several prehistorians have argued for a major societal shifts in the this around AD 550 - 650, contemporaneous with the expansion to the coast of the highland Wari Empire, shifts that perhaps even represent the development of state-level society for the Lima population.Cerro Manchay is a 1 ha site, located on a hill overlooking the Lurín valley and straddling one of the paths that connect this valley to the major prehistoric Lima Culture centers in the neighboring Rimac valley, an area now covered by the modern city of Lima. Preliminary work has shown that the site can be divided into four sectors: a zone of domestic architecture, spread over the top of the hill; a second residential area of agglutinated, irregular house clusters; a building composed of rectangular rooms delineated by open spaces that may be yards or plazas; and a rectangular compound with large walls. Each sector is spatially separated from the others, and each displays at least one associated, major midden or disposal area. Mapping and systematic excavation of residential, public and disposal areas in the different sectors of the site will generate the data on interhousehold variability in domestic architecture, household activities, and consumption, needed to understand the nature of status and wealth variability at the siteResearch focus on community integration and household-level socioeconomic differentiation at the site is important because allow identification of changes through time in the postures and activities associated with Lima social leadership. The research also addresses some broad issues in the study of complex societies, such as the roles played by staple production, craft production, ceremonial practices and external contacts in social inequality. In particular, investigation focuses on determining if the increase in political centralization seen at the regional-level, was concomitant with the development of a new sociopolitical order at the community level. Specifically, the research explores whether changes at Cerro Manchay shows evidence for increasing: (1) economic differentiation (ranging from craft-specialization to staple production to wealth accumulation); (2) elite domination of ritual practice; and/or (3) elite emulation, in activities and stylistic preferences, of elites in other regions.Beyond research questions of interest to social scientists, this project will have a broader impact by enhancing the level of public understanding of science in the communities at the Lurín valley, and fostering collaboration on study of complex societies between scholars from Peru and the United States. The inclusion of Peruvian students and local workers in the project, together with the experience of the author as Peruvian state-archaeologist for the area and current teaching responsibilities at a Peruvian University, is going to be the base for outreach to local, national and international communities, through conferences and preliminary informs distributed to school principals, community leaders, and local authorities. The research findings will be presented in Peruvian and international journals. The project aims to develop the site (and the work there) as a model of working with the patriomonio where archaeo-tourism is of increasing economic importance, and where the prehispanic legacy around the city of Lima continues to be destroyed by urban expansion.

在Marc Bermann博士的监督下，Giancarlo Marcone将分析秘鲁中部海岸Cerro Manchay遗址考古发掘产生的数据。Cerro Manchay（也称为“Lote B”）是一个与重要的区域考古文化（称为利马文化）有关的定居点。利马文化迄今为止鲜为人知，它为研究安第斯史前社会政治转型提供了一个很好的背景。几位史前史学家认为，在公元550 - 650年左右，随着高原瓦里帝国向海岸的扩张，这一地区发生了重大的社会变迁，这些变迁甚至可能代表了利马人口国家级社会的发展。曼查山是一个1公顷的遗址，坐落在一座山上，俯瞰着卢林山谷，横跨着连接这个山谷和邻近的里马克山谷的主要史前利马文化中心的一条小路，这一地区现在被现代城市利马所覆盖。初步工作表明，该遗址可分为四个部分：一个住宅区，分布在山顶上;第二个住宅区，由粘合的不规则房屋群组成;一个由矩形房间组成的建筑，由可能是院子或广场的开放空间划定;以及一个有大墙的矩形大院。 每个区域在空间上与其他区域分开，每个区域至少有一个相关的主要垃圾坑或处理区。对该遗址不同地段的住宅区、公共区和垃圾处理区进行绘图和系统挖掘，将产生关于家庭建筑、家庭活动和消费方面家庭间差异的数据，需要了解的性质地位和财富的可变性，在网站研究的重点是社区融合和家庭-在该网站的社会经济水平的分化是很重要的，因为允许识别的变化，随着时间的推移，在姿态和活动与利马社会领导。 该研究还涉及复杂社会研究中的一些广泛问题，例如主食生产、手工艺生产、礼仪习俗和外部接触在社会不平等中所起的作用。 特别是，调查的重点是确定在地区一级看到的政治集中化的增加是否与社区一级新的社会政治秩序的发展同时发生。 具体而言，研究探讨了Cerro Manchay的变化是否显示出增加的证据：（1）经济分化（2）精英对仪式的控制;和/或（3）精英模仿，在活动和风格偏好，在其他地区的精英。除了社会科学家感兴趣的研究问题，该项目将产生更广泛的影响，提高卢林河谷社区公众对科学的理解水平，促进秘鲁和美国学者在复杂社会研究方面的合作。 将秘鲁学生和当地工人纳入该项目，加上作者作为该地区秘鲁国家考古学家的经验和目前在秘鲁大学的教学职责，将成为通过会议和向学校校长，社区领导人和地方当局分发初步信息，与地方，国家和国际社区联系的基础。 研究结果将在秘鲁和国际期刊上发表。 该项目旨在将该遗址（以及那里的工作）作为与爱国者合作的典范，在那里，考古旅游业的经济重要性越来越大，利马市周围的西班牙前遗产继续被城市扩张所破坏。