SaTC: STARSS: Small: Analog Hardware Trojans: Threats, Detection, and Mitigation

电子系统，特别是计算机系统容易受到软件病毒或硬件木马的恶意攻击，这是社会日益关注的问题。这项工作的重点是理解，检测和减轻潜在的破坏性类型的硬件木马，对手或硬件黑客可以插入到许多集成电路的模拟组件中，这些组件将在未来制造。将研究的一类模拟硬件木马是那些可以嵌入作为非线性微分方程的非期望解的木马，这些解可以从数学上表征模拟电路的性能，这是一个典型的设计，将从一个高素质和值得信赖的设计工程师那里获得。这类硬件木马的问题特别大，因为在正常的设计或验证过程中，通过计算机模拟通常无法观察到它们的存在。尽管这些硬件木马可以携带的有效载荷可能是毁灭性的，但现有的木马检测或预防方法本质上无法检测或预防这种类型的木马。我们将进一步了解这些木马的漏洞，并开发检测和减轻漏洞的方法。通过减少对这些硬件木马的脆弱性，可以开发出更安全的网络基础设施。这将提高交通、医疗、金融和军事系统的安全性。包括原型电路在内的研究成果将在https://iastate.box.com/s/nazel2i7n5ygk6jy8yawvsnsynmk4qh7上获得。此URL将在公开发布和项目完成后的3年内保持活跃。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Vulnerability of electronic systems and particularly computing systems to malicious attacks through the insertion of software viruses or hardware Trojans is of growing concern to society. This work is focused on understanding, detecting, and mitigating a potentially devastating type of hardware Trojans that an adversary or hardware hacker can insert in the analog component of many of the integrated circuits that will be fabricated in the future.The class of analog hardware Trojans that will be studied are those that can be embedded as undesired solutions of the nonlinear differential equations that mathematically characterize the performance of an analog circuit that is typical of a design that would be obtained from a highly qualified and trusted design engineer. This class of hardware Trojans is particularly problematic because their presence will typically not be observed through computer simulations during the normal design or verification processes. Although the payloads these hardware Trojans can carry can be devastating, existing methods for Trojan detection or prevention are inherently incapable of detecting or preventing this type of Trojans. An improved understanding of the vulnerabilities to these Trojans will be developed along with methods for detecting and mitigating the vulnerabilities.By reducing vulnerability to these hardware Trojans, a more secure cyber infrastructure can be developed. This should improve security of transportation, health care, financial, and military systems.Research results including prototype circuits will be accessible on https://iastate.box.com/s/nazel2i7n5ygk6jy8yawvsnsynmk4qh7. This URL will remain active for 3 years after public release and project completion.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.