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Highly Integrated 3D-Radar System at 240GHz

240GHz 高度集成的 3D 雷达系统

基本信息

批准号：
241714687
负责人：
Professor Dr.-Ing. Ingmar Kallfass
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Hochfrequenztechnik und Elektronik (IHE)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/241714687?language=en
关键词：
Highly Integrated 3D Radar System

项目摘要

In addition to measuring accuracy and resolution, important factors as reliability, robustness, size and price determine the fields of application of sensors. Radar systems have the advantage to deliver good results, even under adverse conditions (e.g. smoke). Radar systems with two-dimensional angular resolution are mostly large and expensive. Apart from mechanical scanning with a highly focusing antenna, the angular resolution of an antenna array can be principally achieved by two methods: electronic scanning by changing the phase of the individual radiating elements or to electronically evaluate all directions simultaneously using digital beam-forming. In the first case, the available signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is limited by the measurement period, since the different directions must be sequentially scanned. Besides the high hardware complexity, especially in a two-dimensional case, digital beam-forming needs huge computing power, which leads to higher costs and significantly larger power requirements.In this project, novel frequency-agile antenna arrays are examined in a hybrid 2D-antenna system. Here, the radar beam is pivoted in one dimension over the frequency and in the other dimension via a phase shift network. Together with optimized transceiver architectures, 3D millimeter wave radar sensors for environmental monitoring (indoor tracking or collision protection for autonomous vehicles in the industrial production area) are developed. Especially at high frequencies, radars with 2D antenna arrays are promising. The small wavelength (e.g. 1.25 mm at 240 GHz) allows integration of antenna arrays with several elements in compact modules. Additionally the small wavelength enables the implementation of passive phase controlling feed networks as the Butler matrix together with active components directly on GaAs and thus can lead to an optimization of the radar system's SNR. To exploit the frequency-agility of the antennas, highly broadband on-chip components are necessary, which poses a challenge on their implementation, due to the strong parasitic effects.Besides the range resolution the combination of FMCW radar with the novel frequency-agile phased array and its feeding with GaAs MMICs allows the direction of arrival (DoA) measurement in two dimensions. This compared to digital beam-forming leads to a more efficient trade-off between hardware complexity, SNR and measurement time. The integration of MMIC and antenna in a package represents a particular challenge because the state of the art waveguide packages (split-block) with their high suitability for heat dissipation can no longer be used. New concepts must be analyzed and optimized with high-performance RF interconnections to the antenna as well as good heat dissipation properties.

除了测量精度和分辨率外，可靠性、鲁棒性、尺寸和价格等重要因素也决定了传感器的应用领域。雷达系统具有即使在不利条件下（例如烟雾）也能提供良好结果的优点。具有二维角分辨率的雷达系统大多是大型且昂贵的。除了使用高聚焦天线进行机械扫描外，天线阵列的角度分辨率主要可以通过两种方法实现：通过改变单个辐射元件的相位进行电子扫描，或者使用数字波束形成同时对所有方向进行电子评估。在第一种情况下，可用的信噪比（SNR）受到测量周期的限制，因为必须顺序地扫描不同的方向。除了高硬件复杂度之外，特别是在二维情况下，数字波束形成需要巨大的计算能力，这导致更高的成本和更大的功耗需求。这里，雷达波束在一个维度上在频率上旋转，并且在另一个维度上经由相移网络旋转。结合优化的收发器架构，开发了用于环境监测（工业生产领域自动驾驶车辆的室内跟踪或碰撞保护）的3D毫米波雷达传感器。特别是在高频下，具有2D天线阵列的雷达是有前途的。小波长（例如，在240 GHz下为1.25 mm）允许将天线阵列与几个元件集成在紧凑的模块中。此外，小波长使得能够实现作为巴特勒矩阵的无源相位控制馈电网络以及直接在GaAs上的有源组件，并且因此可以导致雷达系统的SNR的优化。为了利用天线的频率捷变特性，需要高带宽的片上元件，这对它们的实现提出了挑战，由于强的寄生效应，FMCW雷达与新型频率捷变相控阵的结合以及其与GaAs MMIC的馈电，除了距离分辨率之外，还允许二维到达方向（DoA）测量。与数字波束形成相比，这导致在硬件复杂性、SNR和测量时间之间更有效的权衡。MMIC和天线在封装中的集成代表了一个特殊的挑战，因为具有高散热适用性的现有技术波导封装（分块）不再被使用。新概念必须通过与天线的高性能RF互连以及良好的散热特性进行分析和优化。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Planar frequency scanning holographic antenna for FMCW-radar applications at 240 GHz

适用于 240 GHz FMCW 雷达应用的平面频率扫描全息天线

DOI：
10.1109/aps.2016.7696407
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
2016 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)
影响因子：
0
作者：
Schäfer;Dittrich
通讯作者：
Dittrich

Aktive Frequenzvervielfacher zur Signalerzeugung im Millimeter- und Submillimeterwellen Frequenzbereich

用于在毫米波和亚毫米波频率范围内生成信号的有源倍频器

DOI：
10.5445/ksp/1000046156
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Lewark
通讯作者：
Lewark

Ultra-wideband quadrature receiver-MMIC for 240 GHz high data rate communication

用于 240 GHz 高数据速率通信的超宽带正交接收器 MMIC

DOI：
10.1109/irmmw-thz.2017.8066868
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
2017 42nd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)
影响因子：
0
作者：
C. Grötsch;A. Tessmann;I. Kallfass
通讯作者：
I. Kallfass

Integrierte, planare Leckwellenantennen für 3D-Millimeterwellen-Radarsysteme basierend auf dem holografischen Prinzip

基于全息原理的 3D 毫米波雷达系统集成平面漏波天线