Powerful Magnetron Design, in particular for high frequencies (sub-THz) and for continuous wave- (cw-) operation

这项研究项目涉及磁控管，一种电子束管，其中结构化的电子束与电磁共振结构相互作用。因此，可以在亚毫米波范围内的频率上产生电能。这一范围具有很高的实际意义，因为它提供了许多技术和科学应用。我们的研究旨在开发一种全新的磁控管物理模型，有可能实现遵循明确定义的标准的定量设计。因此，应该为后续项目铺平道路，从而为所谓的太赫兹(THz)频率范围提供强大但仍然方便的高频发生器。新模型一方面应能够建立运行和几何参数的优化指南，另一方面应能检测新的运行模式。这里最重要的是磁控管的所谓连续波(或CW)操作，它还不能在厘米波范围以外的频率上实现。然而，仅仅是连续波操作就会使磁控管在各种应用中的潜力成倍增加。新一类磁控管的一个特征是广泛应用一种被称为超材料的新材料来实现其谐振结构。通过对单个部件和几个磁控管样机的实际实验，说明了模型的开发、验证和对工作模式的详细研究。为此，与乌克兰哈尔科夫一家在国际上享有很高声誉的研究所建立了密切合作，该研究所在开发短毫米波范围的磁控管方面处于领先地位。在汉堡和哈尔科夫两个地点都进行了相应的测量。

This research project deals with the magnetron, an electron beam tube, in which a structured electron beam interacts with an electro-magnetic resonance structure. Thus electric power can be generated at frequencies in the sub-millimeter wave range. This range is of high actual interest, because it offers a number of technical and scientific applications.Our investigations are aiming to develop a completely new physical model of the magnetron with the potential to realize a quantitative design following well-defined criteria. Thus the road for a follow-up project shall be paved leading to a powerful but still handy high frequency generator for the so-called terahertz (THz) frequency range. The new model shall, on one side, be able to establish optimization guidelines for the operational and geometrical parameters and, on the other side, detect new modes of operation. Of prominent importance here is the so-called continuous wave (or cw) operation of the magnetron which could not yet be realized at frequencies beyond the centimeter wave range. However, just cw operation would multiply the potentials of the magnetron for various applications. A characteristic feature of the new class of magnetrons will be an extensive application of a new material, known as meta-material, in realizing its resonance structure. The development of the model, its verification, and the detailed investigation of the operational modes is illustrated by practical experiments with both individual components and several magnetron prototypes. To this end, a close cooperation with a research institute in Kharkiv, Ukraine, of high international reputation has been established, which is leading in the development of magnetrons for the short millimeter wave range. The corresponding measurements are performed at both locations, in Hamburg and in Kharkiv.