Reasoning with conditionals in a qualitative cognitive framework

该项目研究人类的条件推理。它使用拉姆齐检验分析条件和信念修正的定性框架。它涉及(1)比信念状态的数值表示所预设的理性概念更薄的理性概念（允许不可比较性和非相关性），(2)条件句中的相关性概念，(3)复杂条件结构的解释，以及(4)指示性条件句和虚拟条件句统一处理的可行性。所采取的观点是逻辑学哲学家的观点，但调查是通过推理心理学的实验来补充的。用于检验涉及条件的各种推理方案的有效性的方法有：(i)对抽象逻辑哲学论证的系统调查和评价，（ii）将关于条件推理方案的心理学发现转移到条件逻辑的定性方法，以及（iii）对定性框架内表达的基本思想特征的推理方案进行经验检验。与概率（贝叶斯）和秩论（斯波尼安）方法条件的相似之处和差异进行了探讨。

The project investigates human reasoning with conditionals. It uses the Ramsey test analysis of conditionals and a qualitative framework for belief revision. It addresses (1) conceptions of rationality that are thinner than the one presupposed by numerical representations of belief states (allowing for incomparabilities and non-relationalities), (2) the idea of relevance in conditionals, (3) the interpretation of complex conditional constructions and (4) the feasibility of a unified treatment of indicative and subjunctive conditionals. The perspective taken is that of a logician-philosopher, but the investigation is complemented by experiments in the psychology of reasoning. The methods employed for the examination of the (in-)validity of various inference schemes involving conditionals are (i) a systematic survey and evaluation of abstract logico-philosophical arguments, (ii) a transfer of psychological findings concerning inference schemes for conditionals to the qualitative approach to conditional logic, as well as (iii) empirical tests of inference schemes characteristic of the fundamental ideas expressed within the qualitative framework. Parallels and differences with probabilistic (Bayesian) and rank-theoretic (Spohnian) approaches to conditionals are explored.