Studies on immunological diagnosis of periodontal diseases

从微生物学、免疫学和遗传学角度研究了牙周病致病菌与宿主耐药性的关系。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血清IgG抗体滴度，探讨其诊断价值，以发现牙周主要致病菌，并评估临床预后。为了提高检测效率，建立了一种新的ELISA检测方法。用这种新的方法，血清IgG抗体效价牙龈卟啉单胞菌（P.g.），中间普雷沃氏菌（Prevotella intermedia（P.i.）），伴放线放线杆菌（A.a.）和具核梭杆菌进行了评价。结果表明，该方法在受试者管理方面的效率是原方法的6倍，可有效筛选高滴度血清。IgG抗体滴度针对P.g.和P.I.牙周治疗后明显下降。存在显著 ...更多信息 抗体活性降低与P.g.以及牙周手术的频率或治疗的持续时间。血清抗P.i.被检测到相对于牙齿脱落的数量显著减少。这些结果表明，降低血清抗体效价的P. g。和P.I.可用作显示牙周治疗有效性的参数。并对1988 ~ 1989年两年来60例牙周病患者血清抗体滴度与临床指标的关系进行了分析。结果表明，血清抗P.g.与探诊深度及牙槽骨吸收率呈显著相关。抗A.a.与牙槽骨吸收率相关。这些结果表明，P.g.和A.a.是导致牙周炎发展的关键细菌。荧光素，牙周病病原体的非放射性DNA探针，如P.g.或P.I.，被开发出来。这些探针显示出足够的灵敏度和特异性用于临床试验。利用该DNA探针，P.g. P. g.在探测深度深或探测出血的部位，探测率显著增加。这些结果表明，P.g.可能在成人牙周炎中起重要作用。另一方面，使用RFLP分析，我们检查了P.g.在它们的菌毛蛋白基因座上的菌株。结果表明，在菌毛蛋白基因座内似乎存在遗传异质性。这也可能反映了P.g.此前报道的物种少

The relationship between the periodontopathic bacteria and host resistance in periodontal diseases has been investigated microbiologically, immunologically and genetically. The serum IgG antibody titers were measured by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) to investigate the diagnostic value in order to find main periodontopathic bacteria, and to evaluate the clinical prognosis. A new method of ELISA measurement was developed to improve the efficiency. Using this new method, the serum IgG antibody titers to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.), Prevotella intermedia (P.i.), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.) and Fusobacterium nucleatum were evaluated. The results indicated that this improved method showed 6 times more efficient in managing subjects as compared to the former one and might be effective for screening of serum with high antibody titers. The IgG antibody titers against P.g. and P.i. decreased significantly after periodontal treatment. There is a significant … More correlation between the reduction of antibody activity to P.g. and the frequency of periodontal surgeries or the duration of treatment. The serum antibody titers to P.i. was detected to reduce significantly in relation to the number of lost teeth. These results suggest that the reduction of the serum antibody titers to P.g. and P.i. can be used as parameters to show effectiveness of periodontal treatment. We also analyzed the relation between the antibody titers and clinical parameters about 60 patients with periodontal disease measured for two years from 1988 to 1989. As results, the serum antibody activity to P.g. was significantly correlated with the probing depth and the rate of alveolar bone resorption. The antibody titers to A.a. was also correlated with the rate of alveolar bone resorption. These findings suggest that P.g. and A.a. are key bacteria to be responsible for the development of periodontitis. Futhermore, non-radioactive DNA probes for periodontopathic pathogens, such as P.g. or P.i., were developed. These probes showed sufficient sensitivity and specificity for clinical trials. By using the DNA probe, P.g. was detected from all patients examined and the frequency of P.g. detection increased significantly in the sites with deep probing depth or bleeding on probing. These results indicate that P.g. may play an important role in adult periodontitis. On the other hand, using RFLPs analysis we examined P.g. strains on their fimbrillin gene locus. The results indicate that genetic heterogeneity seems to be existing within the fimbrillin gene locus. This may also reflect the difference of virulence within P.g. species reported before. Less