Comprehensive Research on the View of Nature in the Renaissance

1. 从1997年到2000年，在学院院女子大学、社社大学、京都大学等地举行了8次论文阅读会议，每次都有40 ~ 50人参加。在这些会议中，我们从不同的角度讨论了文艺复兴时期的自然观。1998年，我们与其他研究所合作举办了国际会议。这些会议讨论的主要问题是：(1)早期人文主义者对医学的批判中出现的反经院的自然观，(2)彼特拉卡之后的文学中出现的古典田园的自然观，(3)遵循数学模型（如伽利略·伽利莱）对自然进行的不感兴趣的理性调查和对自然的新理解，(4)典型的赫尔墨斯思想家对宇宙的神奇和深奥的看法，(5)关于文艺复兴时期艺术中的透视和自然主义的新自然观，等等。关于这些问题，人们进行了各种各样的讨论，他们的结论是：(1)文艺复兴时期的新自然观取代了中世纪的自然观，它不仅是由科学发现引起的，而且是由一切文化活动（哲学、文学、美术等）中自然观的变化引起的。(2)这一变化也发生在对“人中的自然”（人性）的认识上，刺激了新的人观的形成，呈现出新型的人类共同体即社会和国家。我们继续收集制作文艺复兴时期日文文献参考书目的资料，并输入资料。

1. We had eight meetings for reading research papers at Gakusyuin Women's College, Dosisha University and Kyoto University from 1997 to 2000, and got 40-50 participants each time. In these meetings, we discussed the view of nature in the Renaissance from various angles. In 1998, we held the international meeting in collaboration with another institutes.2. Main points at issue in these meetings were : (1) Anti-scholastic view of nature seen in the criticism of medicine of early humanists, (2) Classic and pastoral view of nature seen in the literature after Petrarca, (3) Averoestic and rational investigation into nature and new understanding of nature following the mathematics' model (e.g. Galileo Galilei), (4) Magical and esoteric view of universe typically seen in the Hermetic thinkers, (5) New view of nature concerning the perspective and the naturalism in the Renaissance arts, etc.3. Over these points many sorts of discussions were hold, and their conclusions were : (1) New view of nature in the Renaissance, which replaced that of the Middle Age, was caused not only by the scientific discoveries, but also by the change of view of nature made in all activities of culture (philosophy, literature, fine art, etc.). (2) This change, which also happened in the understanding of 'nature in human being' (human nature), stimulated the creating of the new view of man and presented the new type of human community, i.e. society and state.4. We continued to collect the materials for making the bibliography of Renaissance literature written in Japanese and inputted their information.