Several aspects of the popular culture in cities and country side of the Modern France and its influence on the literature

本研究旨在根据四位合作研究者所确定的主题，从城市（尤其是巴黎）与法国乡村之间的文化差异或文化类比的角度，对法国大众文化与法国现代文学的关系进行深入的探讨。本研究收集了在法国收集的文献和资料。1.我们试图阐明流行文化的各个方面，不仅在巴黎，而且在以法国流行歌曲为基础的国家，并研究了这首流行歌曲对法国文学的影响。19^世纪创作或传播的法国流行歌曲和民歌<th>可分为多种类型。例如，批判政府的叛逆歌曲，讽刺资产阶级道德价值观的讽刺歌曲，描写日常生活、风俗习惯的现实歌曲，下流淫秽的歌曲， 关于我们 这些歌曲为我们了解19世纪大众文化的现实提供了重要的资料<th>，也使我们发现了法国诗歌的源头之一。2.我们对法国现实主义小说，特别是福楼拜小说中描写的诺曼底和布列塔尼乡村人民的日常生活、风俗习惯和心态进行了实地考察。通过这一考察，我们可以将19世纪的农民现实与现实主义小说中的农民现实进行比较。3.我们还可以明确普罗旺斯特有的思维模式，即万物有灵论思维模式，它不同于法国的理性思维方式和基督教世界观<th>。我们认为，从不同的角度理解法国大众文化，考察它在不同文学作品中的反映，文学研究的新视角。少

This research aimed to darily the relation between French popular culture and Modern French literature in the light of cultural difference or its analogy between cities, especially Paris, and French country side according to each theme settled by 4 co-investigators.We investigated this subject under three topics analyzing the research materials, documents and informations collected in France during the term of project.1.We tried to elucidate various aspects of the popular culture not only in Paris, but also in countries using French popular songs as a basis, and investigated an influence of the popular song on French literature. French popular songs and folk songs created or transmitted in 19^<th> century can be classified into various genres. For example rebellious song criticizing the government, ironical song satirizing the morality and the sense of values of the bourgeoisie, realistic song describing the daily life, the manners and the customs of the people, indecent and obscene so … More ng, and so on. These songs furnish to us important materials to know the realities of the popular culture in 19^<th> century, but also they made us discover one of source of French poetry.2.We carried out an on-the-spot investigation on the daily life, manners, the customs and the mentality of the people living in the country side especially in Normandy and Brittany described in the French realistic novels, particularly in Flaubert's novels. By this investigation, we were able to compare the realities of the farmer in 19^<th> century and their description in the realistic novels.3.We also made clear the thinking pattern peculiar to Provence which is characterized by animism, different from the rational way of thinking and the Christian view of the world in France, almost lost in the cities like Paris.We think that understanding of French popular culture from different points of view and investigating how it reflects in different kinds of literary works brought a new point of view in literary investigation. Less