A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE FORMATION OF PUBLIC CONCIOUSNESS IN MORAL EDUCATION IN JAPAN AND IN GERMANY

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Chapter 1 : Concepts of the public in Japan and in GermanyIn chapter 1, concepts of the public in Japan and in Germany were categorized based on philosophical and sociological literatures. The following three types were gained as characteristics of concepts of the public : 1. autonomy oriented dependency oriented, 2. united value oriented -diverse value oriented, 3. nation oriented -non nation oriented.In both countries, the concept of the public as civil association should be seeked in the future, whose characteristics are autonomy, diversity and social collaboration.Chapter 2 : Theories on formation of morality and conciousness of the public in moral lessons.In chapter 2, through comparison of the Kohlberg's and Habermas' theory of moral development, the direction of ideal moral lessons was examined. It is concluded that the discourse approach based on the theory of Habermas is, in comparison to the moral discussion approach based on the theory of Kohlberg, theoretically more suitable to formation of the conciousness of the public in meaning of civil association.Chapter 3 : Statistic research on the formation of conciousness of the public in moral lessons.In chapter 3, through the questionnaire research to school teachers and students in Japan and in Germany, the following results was concluded : the moral lessons of the discourse approach have influence on formation of conciousness of the public in aspects of autonomy and social collaboration for Japanese students, and in aspects of diversity for German students.