A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE FORMATION OF PUBLIC CONCIOUSNESS IN MORAL EDUCATION IN JAPAN AND IN GERMANY

第一章：日本和德国的公众概念第一章根据哲学和社会学文献对日本和德国的公众概念进行了分类。公共概念的特征主要有三种：一是自主性取向的依附性，二是统一价值取向的多元化价值取向，三是国家取向的非国家取向。两国未来都应该寻求公民社团的概念，其特征是自主性、多样性和社会协作性。第二章：道德课中的公众道德形成和意识理论。第二章，通过比较科尔伯格和哈贝马斯的道德发展理论，考察理想的道德课的发展方向。第三章：公众道德意识形成的统计研究。第三章，通过对日本和德国学校师生的问卷调查，得出以下结论：在日本学生的自主性、社会协作性和德国学生的多样性方面，话语方法的道德课对公众意识的形成有一定的影响。

Chapter 1 : Concepts of the public in Japan and in GermanyIn chapter 1, concepts of the public in Japan and in Germany were categorized based on philosophical and sociological literatures. The following three types were gained as characteristics of concepts of the public : 1. autonomy oriented dependency oriented, 2. united value oriented -diverse value oriented, 3. nation oriented -non nation oriented.In both countries, the concept of the public as civil association should be seeked in the future, whose characteristics are autonomy, diversity and social collaboration.Chapter 2 : Theories on formation of morality and conciousness of the public in moral lessons.In chapter 2, through comparison of the Kohlberg's and Habermas' theory of moral development, the direction of ideal moral lessons was examined. It is concluded that the discourse approach based on the theory of Habermas is, in comparison to the moral discussion approach based on the theory of Kohlberg, theoretically more suitable to formation of the conciousness of the public in meaning of civil association.Chapter 3 : Statistic research on the formation of conciousness of the public in moral lessons.In chapter 3, through the questionnaire research to school teachers and students in Japan and in Germany, the following results was concluded : the moral lessons of the discourse approach have influence on formation of conciousness of the public in aspects of autonomy and social collaboration for Japanese students, and in aspects of diversity for German students.