Observational Studies of Magnetic Energy Storage and Release in Solar Flares

太阳耀斑被认为是释放储存在太阳大气中的磁能的过程。这项研究的目的是通过现代观测仪器来研究这一过程。我们在1988年建造了一个叫做太阳耀斑望远镜的仪器。该望远镜具有同时观测和的磁场、速度场、光球和色球结构的能力。自X射线观测卫星“Yohkoh”发射以来，我们一直与“Yohkoh”进行合作观测。1991年6月，我们成功地观测到一个非常活跃的太阳黑子群，它产生了几次高能耀斑。特别是，我们在白色光中探测到了小块的耀斑增亮，这是以前从未观察到的。我们已经探测到磁场的一个明确的变化，它与1992年2月6日的耀斑有关。Yohkoh还观察到日冕环结构的明显变化。在1992年11月2日发生在太阳边缘的一次大耀斑中，我们观测到了一个从X射线耀斑拱中移出的环日珥系统，这支持了耀斑模型中热X射线环冷却并演化成H-α发射等离子体。

Solar flares are believed to be a process of liberating magnetic energy stored in the solar atmosphere. The aim of this research is to study this process by means of a modern observational instrument. We constructed in 1988 the instrument called the Solar Flare Telescope. This telescope has the capability of observing the magnetic field, velocity field, photospheric and chromospheric structures of the sum simultaneously. Since the launch of the X-ray observing satellite 'Yohkoh', we have been conducting cooperative observations with 'Yohkoh'.1. In 1991 June we succeeded in observing a very active sunspot group, which produced several energetic flares. In particular we detected small patches of flare brightenings in white light, which had never been observed before.2. We have detected an unambiguous change in magnetic fields which was associated with a flare of February 6, 1992. Yohkoh also observed a clear change in the structure of coronal loops.3. In a large flare of November 2, 1992, which occurred at the limb of the sun, our H-alpha observation shows a loop prominence system which was displaced from an X-ray flare arch. This supports the flare model in which hot X-ray loops cool and evolve into H-alpha emitting plasma.