Observational Studies of Magnetic Energy Storage and Release in Solar Flares

太阳耀斑被认为是释放储存在太阳大气中的磁能的过程。本研究的目的是通过一种现代观测手段来研究这一过程。我们在1988年建造了名为太阳耀斑望远镜的仪器。该望远镜具有同时观测磁场、速度场、光球和色球结构的能力。自从发射X射线观测卫星Yohkoh以来，我们一直与Yohkoh进行合作观测。1991年6月，我们成功地观测到了一个非常活跃的太阳黑子群，它产生了几次高能耀斑。特别是，我们在白光中发现了小块耀斑，这是以前从未观察到的。我们发现了与1992年2月6日的一次耀斑有关的磁场的明显变化。Yohkoh还观察到了日冕环结构的明显变化。在1992年11月2日发生在太阳边缘的一次大耀斑中，我们的H-Alpha观测显示了一个环状日冕系统，它从X射线耀斑拱门移位而来。这支持耀斑模型，在该模型中，热X射线循环冷却并演化为发射H-α的等离子体。

Solar flares are believed to be a process of liberating magnetic energy stored in the solar atmosphere. The aim of this research is to study this process by means of a modern observational instrument. We constructed in 1988 the instrument called the Solar Flare Telescope. This telescope has the capability of observing the magnetic field, velocity field, photospheric and chromospheric structures of the sum simultaneously. Since the launch of the X-ray observing satellite 'Yohkoh', we have been conducting cooperative observations with 'Yohkoh'.1. In 1991 June we succeeded in observing a very active sunspot group, which produced several energetic flares. In particular we detected small patches of flare brightenings in white light, which had never been observed before.2. We have detected an unambiguous change in magnetic fields which was associated with a flare of February 6, 1992. Yohkoh also observed a clear change in the structure of coronal loops.3. In a large flare of November 2, 1992, which occurred at the limb of the sun, our H-alpha observation shows a loop prominence system which was displaced from an X-ray flare arch. This supports the flare model in which hot X-ray loops cool and evolve into H-alpha emitting plasma.