A comparative study on residential facilities for persons with mental retardation

1993年的第一个项目是由美国俄亥俄州立大学的Henry Leland博士和瑞典的斯德哥尔摩县委员会的Lars Molander先生两位外国合作研究人员澄清日本智障人士居住的特点。这是通过邀请利兰博士和莫兰德先生于9月13日至26日访问日本，并通过专业人士讨论介绍爱知县的各种住宿服务来实现的。18日在名古屋举行的有500名观众的学术研讨会也有助于澄清日本的服务特点。该研究项目的代表渡边康二先生主持了研讨会，小组成员包括利兰博士、莫兰德先生、最大的智障协会爱知爱国协会会长铃木敏也先生和该协会副会长松下义典先生。日本社会服务的特点如下。1.日本发展住宅服务业的时间差异导致了中型住宅机构的快速发展。2.日本智障人士社区服务的实现需要瑞典和美国两个推动社区服务的条件：瑞典发展地区小组和美国发展病例管理。第二个项目旨在阐明瑞典和美国智障人士社会服务的发展和理念。第二个项目是通过访问美国和与瑞典的合作研究员通信来实现的。从大型、隔离的居住机构向社区服务的过渡，用居住机构和社区之家的数量以及每种环境中的客户数量等数据加以说明。

The first project in 1993 is to clarify the characteristics of residential for persons with mental retardation in Japan by two foreign co-researchers, Dr.Henry Leland from the Ohio State University from the U.S. and Mr.Lars Molander from Stockholm County Board for intellectual handicaps from Sweden. This was accomplished by inviting Dr.Leland and Mr.Molander to Japan from the 13th of September to the 26th of September and introducing many kinds of residential services in Aichi Prefecture with discussion through professional persons. The academic seminar which was held on the 18th in Nagoya with 500 audiences also helped to clarify characteristics of services in Japan. Mr.Kanji Watanabe, the representative of the research project chaired the seminar with panelists of Dr.Leland, Mr.Molander, Mr.Mineyasu Suzuki, the president of Aichi Aigo Association, the largest association of mental retardation, and Mr.Yoshinori Matushita, vice president of the same association. The characteristics of social services in Japan are as follows. 1. The time discrepancy of Japan to develop the residential services caused the rapid development of medium sized residential institutions. 2. Actualization of community services for persons with mental retardation in Japan needs both of two conditions which promoted the community services in Sweden and the U.S., the district team developed in Sweden and case management developed in the U.S.The second project which aims to clarify the development and idea of the social services for persons with mental retardation in Sweden and the U.S. was achieved by visit to the U.S. and the correspondence with the co-researcher in Sweden. The transition from large, segregated residential institutions to the community services were clarified with data such as numbers of residential institutions and community homes with the number of clients in each setting.