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A comparative study on Group Homes of the disabled

残疾人集体之家的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
10041100
负责人：
WATANABE Kanji
金额：
$ 3.65万
依托单位：
Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Human Science Center
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The ideal of Normalization or Inclusion promotes the life of the disabled toward the life that the disabled could decide his/her life as they like it. In the former half 20th century, the disable was sent to the segregated residential institution in which they were forced to live in groups. However, later half of the century, deinstitutionalization was promoted in many western countries and some countries like Sweden started abolish the residential institutions forever.On the other hand, Japan has been continuing to increase the number of people with disability to put in residential institution. Although the subsidy system of group homes in community started in 1978 by local subsidy and in 1989 by the national subsidy, the people use these homes are only the one tenth of the user of residential institutions.This year, the chief researcher Dr. Watanabe and Mr. Shimada visited the USA for the research and the presentation at Annual Congress of the Internation Association of Sceientific Study of Intellectual Dsiability. Mr. Ohshima visited Thailand and Bangladesh, and Ms. Mita visited the USA for the research. We had a research conference of the co-researcher with Dr. KentErricson at Uppsala University of Sweden, and Dr. Eric Emerson at Lankaster University of England. In Sweden, only 200 persons live at the residential institution and in England 5,000 residents at the institutions are also moved to community in a few years.

正常化或包容性的理想推动残疾人的生活朝着残疾人可以决定其生活的生活方向发展。在20世纪上半叶，残疾人被送到隔离的住宿机构，在那里他们被迫群居。然而，20世纪下半叶，西方许多国家开始推行非制度化，瑞典等一些国家开始永久废除住宿机构。另一方面，日本一直在不断增加残疾人入住住宿机构的人数。虽然社区集体住宅的补贴制度始于1978年的地方补贴和1989年的国家补贴，但使用这些住宅的人只占住宅机构使用者的十分之一。今年，首席研究员渡边博士和岛田先生访问了美国，参加了国际智力状况科学研究协会年会的研究和报告。大岛先生访问了泰国和孟加拉国，三田女士访问了美国进行研究。我们与瑞典乌普萨拉大学的肯特·埃里克森博士和英国兰卡斯特大学的埃里克·爱默生博士共同召开了一次研究会议。在瑞典，只有200人居住在住宿机构，而在英国，机构中的5000名居民在几年内也被转移到社区。