A comparative study on community integration system for the disabled

本研究的目的是参考国外进步运动的成果，提出残障人士特别是智障人士的社区融合制度。2001年，Watanabe与兰开斯特大学的Emerson教授合作访问英国，了解社会服务人员在社区中的作用，并从需求听证到制定社区服务预算方案，发现了组织系统的关怀管理者的重要作用。此外，渡边还访问了新西兰，阐明了智力残疾者去机构化运动，并发现最后一家寄宿机构将于2005年关闭。政府、家长和专业人士的长期项目去机构化似乎是导致成功的一个重要因素。2002年，Watanabe访问了4位关键人物并进行了访谈，以推动美国AAMR对精神发育迟滞定义的修订。新第十版对AAMR精神发育迟滞的定义强调支持模式进行社区生活。2003年，根据其他国家的调查结果，日本开始讨论如何促进对智障人士的社区服务。

The Purpose of the research is to propose the community integration system for the disables, specially for people with intellectual disability, referring the result of the progressive movement of other countries. In 2001, Watanabe visited England to find out the role of social service staff in the community with the cooperation Professor Emerson at Lancaster University and found the important role of care managers who organize the system from the need hearing to make budget program for the community service. Also, Watanabe visited New Zealand to make clear of the deinstitutionalization movement for persons with intellectual disability and found the last residential institution will be closed in 2005. The long range of projects of the government, parents and professionals to deinstitutionalize seems to be a important factor to lead the success.In 2002, Watanabe visited four key persons and interviewed to promote the revise the definition on mental retardation by AAMR in the United States. The new tenth version on the definition on mental retardation of AAMR stress on the support model to proceed the community living. In 2003, with these results of the survey in other countries, the discussion was developed to how to promote the community service for persons with intellectual disability in Japan.