Comparative Study on Northern Peoples in North-Eastern Asia

根据1996-1999年田野调查获得的文化人类学数据，对东北亚北方民族生态与世界观的动态关系进行了分类和分析。因此，尽管东北亚的自然条件和田园经济形式不同，但在东北亚各民族的文化中，人们观察到了共同的萨满教世界观和仪式。这些群体包括在北部森林中饲养马和牛的萨哈共和国的雅库特人，在北部草原上放牧马、绵羊、山羊和牛的内蒙古蒙古人，以及在北部高原上放牧驯鹿的俄罗斯联邦堪察加北部的科里亚克人。还发现，这些地区基于萨满教的世界观推动了传统仪式的复兴，这与他们文化身份的形成密切相关。就雅库特人而言，他们最重要的仪式Ysyakh(仲夏节)的复兴和表演一直是他们萨满教和文化复兴的核心，是雅库特人生态和世界观的象征，也是他们种族认同的基础。科里亚克人正努力通过基于萨满教世界观的狩猎仪式来维护和复制他们的传统文化。在内蒙古，萨满教是以歌舞治病的形式进行的，可以指出的是，这与他们的世界观和蒙古族身份的再现密切相关。

Based on cultural anthropological data gained from field investigations from 1996 to 1999, the dynamic relationships between the ecology of northern peoples in Northeast Asia and their world views were classified and analyzed. As a result, common shamanistic world views and rituals were observed in the cultures of ethnic groups in Northeastern Asia, even though natural conditions and forms of pastoral economy were different. These groups include the Yakut of the Sakha Republic who breed horses and cattle in northern forests, the Mongols of Inner Mongolia who graze horses, sheep, goats and cattle on northern prairies and the Koryak of northern Kamchatka of the Russian Federation who graze reindeer on the northern tundra.It was also revealed that the revival of traditional rituals is promoted in these areas based on this shamanistic world view and that it is closely connected with the formation of their cultural identities. In the case of the Yakut, the revival and performance of their most important ritual, Ysyakh (midsummer festival) has been the centerpiece of the revival of their shamanism and culture as a symbol of the Yakut's ecology and world view, as well as the basis of their ethnic identity. The Koryak are striving to maintain and reproduce their traditional culture, through hunting ritual based on the shamanistic world view. In Inner Mongolia, shamanism is practiced in the form of singing and dancing for healing, and it can be pointed out that it is closely related to their world view and the reproduction of the identity of the Mongols.