Cultural Anthropological Study on the Formation of New Ethnicity among Tibetan Refugees

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More than 40 years have passed since the Tibetan Government in Exile was established and third-generation Tibetans have increased in number in Tibetan refugee communities in India, Nepal and elsewhere. This report is intended to shed light on the mechanism of a new ethnicity being formed among Tibetan refugees in refugee communities in various places that have different natural and living environments, political systems and neighbors from cultural anthropological perspectives.The head investigator conducted field surveys at Tibetan refugee communities in Darjeeling, Manali Ladakh and other areas in India from 2003 to 2006. During the same period, the investigator carried out field surveys on the present situation of Tibetan refugee communities in Mysor and Dharamsala as well as the Tibetan society in Kham, China, from which Tibetan refugees come.During the field surveys on Tibetan refugee communities, the head investigator and the investigator carried out participant observations and detailed interview surveys. Using cameras, VTRs and tape recorders, the researchers recorded their surveys and organized and analyzed results.The materials that were obtained from the field surveys were digitized, using common forms, and shared by the members via laptops. Over the course of the research, they held meetings to discuss the states of progress with the research and advanced their collaborative work and joint research activities.As a result, it was revealed that a new "Tibetan" ethnicity, which transcended cultures of the regions they were from, has developed in Tibetan refugee communities and that the hybridity of identity as citizens of India based on the actual circumstances of their lives can be observed. The research results were summarized and the final report was compiled.