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Analysis of trans-placental HIV infection

经胎盘HIV感染分析

基本信息

批准号：
10671572
负责人：
HAYAKAWA Satoshi
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
Nihon University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10671572/
关键词：
HIV chemokine vertical transmission IL-16 経胎盤感染ケモカインレセプター Th1 Th2 CD4

项目摘要

Recent advances in perinatal care for HIV infected mothers decreased vertical transmission rates as low as 2% in Japan. However the mechanism of transplacental infection of HIV is still enigmatic and uncontrollable. In this study, we described placental pathology in HIV infected mothers in order to examine patho-physiology of congenital HIV infection and morphological basis of possible placental barriers.Subjects and methods Twelve placental samples were obtained from HIV infected mothers by AIDS working group of Japan. All cases were delivered by elective caesarean section before onset of labour. Eleven of 12 patients received oral AZT administration. No neonates delivered showed evidence of congenital infection. We examined placentae by HE stain, TUNEL and immunohistochemiistry. Various components of placental cells were separated by MACS coated with anti EGF-R, erb-B2 and CD11b which recognize villous trophoblasts (VT), extravillos trophoblasts (EVT) and Hofbauer cells (Hob) respectively. Presence of HIVgp120 RNA was examined by RT-PCR.Results By routine histological study, we observed increased frequency of intervillitis and apoptosis in placentae delivered from HIV infected patients. By quantitative analysis using TUNEL stain, we observed increased numbers of apoptotic scores. Immunohistochemical stain revealed presence of HIV p24 antigen in 2 of 12 placentae. P24 was localized both in VT and Hob. Using antigenically separated placental cells, we detected HIV gp120 RNA both in VT, EVT and Hob.Conclusion Previous reports suggest possible placental barrier to explain low transmission rates of HIV from infected mothers However we suggest, possible postplacental barriers which protect vertical transmission of HIV from infected placentae to fetuses.

在日本，对感染艾滋病毒的母亲进行围产期护理的最新进展使垂直传播率降低到2%。然而，HIV经胎盘感染的机制仍然是一个谜和无法控制的。在这项研究中，我们描述了胎盘病理在HIV感染的母亲，以检查先天性HIV感染的病理生理学和可能的胎盘barriers.Subjects和方法的形态学基础12个胎盘样本从HIV感染的母亲艾滋病工作组的日本。所有病例均在分娩前通过择期剖腹产分娩。12例患者中有11例接受口服AZT给药。分娩的新生儿无先天性感染迹象。用HE染色、TUNEL法和免疫组化法检测胎盘组织。用包被EGF-R、erb-B_2和CD_（11）b抗体的MACS分离胎盘细胞的各种成分，这些抗体分别识别绒毛滋养层细胞（VT）、绒毛外滋养层细胞（EVT）和Hofbauer细胞（Hob）。结果常规组织学检查发现，HIV感染者分娩的胎盘绒毛间质炎和细胞凋亡的发生率增加。通过TUNEL染色的定量分析，我们观察到凋亡分数增加。免疫组化染色显示12个胎盘中有2个存在HIV p24抗原。P24在VT和Hob均有表达。使用抗原分离的胎盘细胞，我们检测到HIV gp 120 RNA在VT，EVT和Hob。结论以前的报告表明可能的胎盘屏障，以解释低传播率的HIV感染的母亲，但我们建议，可能的胎盘后屏障，保护垂直传播的HIV感染的胎盘胎儿。