A Survey on the Effective School Guidance and Counseling Services Supporting School Activities Enforced by the Boards of Education

在过去的十年里，教育、文化、体育、科技部和地方教育委员会对拒绝上学的学生和违反学校纪律的学生执行了一些学校指导和辅导的管理政策。这项研究的目的是澄清地方教育委员会执行的支持学校活动的有效的学校指导和咨询服务。为了弄清行政政策的变化趋势，我在2000年向47个地州教育委员会、12个行政机关指定的市及其60个教育中心发出了问卷，收到了48个教育委员会(81.4%)和51个教育中心(85.0%)的回复。2001年，我向659个市教育委员会发放了调查问卷，收到429份回复，占65.1%。作为调查的结果，州教育委员会增加了辅导教师和学校辅导员等学校辅导人员的数量。市教育委员会也增加了学校辅导人员的数量，并建立了调整指导室等帮助机构。为了证明地方教育委员会执行行政政策的效果，我向2001年由市教育委员会建立的845所初中发出问卷，收到365份回复，回复率为43.2%。在被回应的初中，拒绝上学的学生数量增加。小学生违反校纪的事情多种多样。然而，大多数教师回答说，他们可以自己解决反社会的问题。因此，大多数初中学校都希望增加辅导教师和学校辅导人员的数量，并设立适应辅导室，支持家庭问题。

During the past decade, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the local boards of education have enforced some administrative polices of school guidance and counseling to pupils who refuse to go to school and pupils who violate the school discipline. The aim of this study is to clarify the effective school guidance and counseling services supporting school activities enforced by the local boards of education. To clarify trends of the administrative polices, I send questionnaires to 47 prefecture boards of education, 12 cities designated by ordinance offices and 60 their educational centers in 2000, and received 48 responses from the boards of education (81.4%) and 51 educational centers (85.0%). I send questionnaires to 659 city boards of education in 2001, and received 429 responses (65.1%).As results of these surveys, the prefecture boards of education have increased the numbers of guidance teachers and school counseling personnel such as school counselors. The city boards of education have increased the numbers of school counseling personnel too, and have established the helping institutions such as the adjustment guidance rooms.To prove the effect of administrative polices enforced by the local boards of education, I send questionnaires to 845 lower secondary schools which were established by the responded city boards of education in 2001, and received 365 responses (43.2%).The numbers of pupils who refuse to go to school were increased in the responded lower secondary schools. And the matters that pupils violate the school discipline were varied. However, most of teachers replied that they could settle antisocial matters by themselves. As a result, most of lower secondary schools desire to increase the number of guidance teachers and school counseling personnel moreover, to establish the adjustment guidance rooms, and to support family problems.