A Survey on the Effective School Guidance and Counseling Services Supporting School Activities Enforced by the Boards of Education

在过去十年中，教育、文化、体育、科学和技术部和地方教育委员会对拒绝上学和违反学校纪律的学生实施了一些学校指导和辅导的行政政策。本研究旨在厘清地方教育委员会为支援学校活动所提供的有效学校辅导服务。为了明确行政政策的趋势，我在2000年向47个县教育局、12个市厅指定市和60个市厅教育中心发送了问卷，收到了48个市教育局（81.4%）和51个教育中心（85.0%）的回复。2001年，我向659个市教育局发送了问卷，收到了429份回复（65.1%）。根据这些调查结果，各县教育委员会增加了指导教师和学校辅导员等学校咨询人员的数量。市教育局也增加了学校咨询人员的数量，并建立了调整辅导室等帮助机构。为了证明地方教育局执行的行政政策的效果，我向2001年被调查的市教育局设立的845所初中发送了问卷，收到365份回复（43.2%）。在作出回应的初中中，拒绝上学的学生人数有所增加。学生违反学校纪律的事情也是多种多样的。然而，大多数教师回答说，他们可以自己解决反社会问题。因此，大多数初中希望增加辅导教师和学校咨询人员的数量，建立调整辅导室，并支持家庭问题。

During the past decade, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the local boards of education have enforced some administrative polices of school guidance and counseling to pupils who refuse to go to school and pupils who violate the school discipline. The aim of this study is to clarify the effective school guidance and counseling services supporting school activities enforced by the local boards of education. To clarify trends of the administrative polices, I send questionnaires to 47 prefecture boards of education, 12 cities designated by ordinance offices and 60 their educational centers in 2000, and received 48 responses from the boards of education (81.4%) and 51 educational centers (85.0%). I send questionnaires to 659 city boards of education in 2001, and received 429 responses (65.1%).As results of these surveys, the prefecture boards of education have increased the numbers of guidance teachers and school counseling personnel such as school counselors. The city boards of education have increased the numbers of school counseling personnel too, and have established the helping institutions such as the adjustment guidance rooms.To prove the effect of administrative polices enforced by the local boards of education, I send questionnaires to 845 lower secondary schools which were established by the responded city boards of education in 2001, and received 365 responses (43.2%).The numbers of pupils who refuse to go to school were increased in the responded lower secondary schools. And the matters that pupils violate the school discipline were varied. However, most of teachers replied that they could settle antisocial matters by themselves. As a result, most of lower secondary schools desire to increase the number of guidance teachers and school counseling personnel moreover, to establish the adjustment guidance rooms, and to support family problems.