Modeling of ion-conducting gel actuator considering substantial motion and control of distribution of internal stress

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The objective of this research is (1) modeling for design and control on the basis of ionic migration (modeling of distributed internal stress caused by ionic migration by electric field, motion and diffusion of water molecules, swelling and contraction by water content, electrostatic force, lateral strain, conformation change), and (2) design of electric field patterns (design of electric field patterns and control of internal stress distribution).Research results are summarized as below.1) Electrochemical modeling of migration of sodium ions and motion and diffusion of water2) Modeling of momentum effect, swelling and contraction by water, electrostatic force, and conformation change3) Modeling of visco-elasticity by FEM4) Modeling of lateral strain caused by deviation of sulfonic ions5) Stable numerical solution of theoretical equations using method of finite difference6) Development of simulation programs and relation with FEM software7) Identification of viscoelastic parameters and swelling ratio by experiments8) Verification by comparison of simulation results with experimental results (qualitative effectiveness was verified)9) Design of electric field patterns and electrode locations for traveling wave on PVA-DMSO gel actuator10) Development of masking technique for electrode pattern fabrication on ICPF surface11) Experimental verification of traveling wave by control of internal stress distribution