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A Study on Enterprise Performance of Manufacturers in Shanghai City

上海市制造业企业绩效研究

基本信息

批准号：
13630058
负责人：
MATSUNAGA Nobuaki
金额：
$ 2.5万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The recent performance of Chinese economy is remarkably high but its reality is nevertheless clear. Lack of reliable data has kept us from researching it properly. This study tries to analyze it by focusing on manufacturing enterprises in Shanghai City. DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) is used to measure the individual enterprise's efficiency in production process. Main findings are summarized below.First, Shanghai manufacturing Industry experienced an epoque-making change from 1996 to 1999: the state-owned enterprise decreased in number, the foreign enterprise and the collective-owned enterprise increased drastically; the foreign took over the domestic enterprise in terms of industrial production; the leading industry (metal products and machinery) expanded favorably so that a prime mover of Shanghai manufacturing shifted to the heavy industry with a higher productivity of labor and the higher growth rate of labor productivity.Second, when we look at the average values in labor productivity (Y/L), capital labor ratio (K/L), and efficiency score (CCR) by type of enterprises, clear tendencies are found that (1) the foreign funded had highest scores in all these measures, (2) the state-owned had relatively high K/L but lowest Y/L and CCR, (3) the private enjoyed relatively high Y/L (higher than the state-owned but lower than the foreign funded) owing to high CCR and low K/L, but such tendencies are barely recognized when we observe them by size of employment.Third, when we apply multiple regression analysis for each industry with Y/L as a dependent variable and with K/L, CCR, and dummy variables in terms of type of enterprise as explaining variables, CCR as well as K/L are found statistically significant, which results in considerably higher adjusted coefficients of determination than the case where CCR is not included as an explaining variable. This demonstrates well the importance of production efficiency (CCR) in Chinese economy.

中国经济最近的表现非常高，但其现实仍然是清楚的。由于缺乏可靠的数据，我们无法对它进行适当的研究。本文以上海市制造业企业为研究对象，对其进行了分析。DEA（数据包络分析）是用来衡量单个企业生产过程的效率。主要研究结果如下：第一，1996 ~ 1999年上海制造业经历了一个划时代的变化：国有企业数量减少，外资企业和集体企业大量增加，外资企业在工业生产上对内资企业的接管。主导产业（金属制品和机械）的有利扩张，使上海制造业的原动力转向劳动生产率更高、劳动生产率增长率更高的重工业。第二，从劳动生产率（Y/L）、资本劳动率（K/L）和效率得分（CCR）的平均值来看，外资企业的得分最高，国有企业的K/L较高，Y/L和CCR最低，（3）私营部门享有较高的Y/L（高于国有但低于外资），这是由于高CCR和低K/L，但这种趋势在我们从就业规模来观察时几乎没有被发现。第三，以Y/L为因变量，以K/L、CCR和企业类型的虚拟变量为解释变量，对各行业进行多元回归分析时，CCR和K/L在统计学上都具有显著性，这导致了比不包括CCR作为解释变量的情况高得多的调整后的决定系数。这充分说明了生产效率在中国经济中的重要性。