Longitudinal Study on Transition from Youth to Adolescence

本研究的目的是利用2004年收集的三年级和六年级学生、初中和高中三年级学生及其父母的问卷数据，检验学生发展方面与家庭背景特征之间的关系。每个学年学生的数据包括约1,000人，家长的数据总共包括约1500人。家庭背景的特点是衡量父母的学历，家庭的教育资源，以及父母的指导和提供教育机会。学生的学术能力通过日语和数学考试成绩来衡量。数学测试包括两种测试-AT（成就测试）和PA（表现评估测试）。主要研究结果如下：（1）通过对学生和家长的问卷调查，发现学生的家庭背景与学业能力之间存在较强的相关关系。的结果 关于我们 多元回归分析发现，校外教育支出、父母教育期望、家庭收入、母亲学历等因素对学生数学成绩有影响。父亲的职业与父母的行为习惯、学生的学习能力之间没有显著的相关。（2）家庭背景与大学生学校适应性有显著相关。那就是，“我小时候父母常给我读书”，“我小时候父母常带我去博物馆”，“我家重视吃饭”，“我家重视与邻居的沿着。与高中生的学校适应性有关。而父母的学历与学校的物理环境如自习室等则无相关。（3）通过对班级间学业能力差异的基本分析，发现有几所“好实践”学校的成绩相对较高，班级间差异较小。(248减

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between students' developmental aspects and the characteristics of their family backgrounds using questionnaire data of third and sixth-year students, third-year junior and senior high school students, and their parents, collected in 2004. Each school-year students' data included about 1,000, and parents' data included about 1500 in total. The characteristics of family backgrounds are measured in terms of parental academic backgrounds, families' educational resources, and the parents' guidance and provision for educational opportunities. Students' academic abilities were measured by Japanese and math test scores. The math test included two kinds of tests -AT (Achievement tests) and PA (Performance Assessment tests). The main results were as follows : (1)According to the students' and parents' questionnaires, relatively strong relationship was found between students' family background and their academic abilities. As a result of … More multiple regression analysis, we found that out-of-school educational expenditures, parents' educational expectations, family incomes, mothers' academic backgrounds affected students' math test scores. A significant relationship was not found between fathers' occupations and the habits of parents' behaviors, and students' academic abilities. (2)There was a significant relationship between family backgrounds and students' school adaptability. That is, "My parents used to read books to me when I was a child", "My parents used to take me to museums when I was a child", "My family places importance on meal", "My family places importance on getting along well with its neighbors." were related to the school adaptability of high school students. However, parents' academic backgrounds and educational physical surroundings such as study rooms were not related. (3)According to the basic analysis on the differences of academic abilities between classes, we found there were several "good practice" schools which marked relatively high scores and small differences between classes. (248 words) Less