Longitudinal Study on Transition from Youth to Adolescence

本研究的目的是利用2004年收集的初三、六年级学生、初三、高三学生及其家长的问卷调查数据，考察学生的发展方面与其家庭背景特征之间的关系。每个学年的学生数据包括约1000人，家长数据总共包括约1500人。家庭背景的特点是通过父母的学术背景、家庭的教育资源以及父母对教育机会的指导和提供来衡量的。学生的学习能力通过日语和数学考试成绩来衡量。数学考试包括两种测试--成就测试(AT)和表现评估测试(PA)。主要研究结果如下：(1)通过对学生和家长的问卷调查，发现学生的家庭背景与学业成绩之间存在较强的相关性。作为…的结果进一步的多元回归分析发现，校外教育支出、家长教育期望、家庭收入、母亲学历对学生数学成绩有影响。父亲的职业与父母的行为习惯、学生的学业成绩之间没有显著的关系。(2)家庭背景与学生的学校适应能力之间存在显著相关。那就是我小时候父母常给我读书，小时候父母常带我去博物馆，家里人讲究吃饭，家里人讲究与邻里和睦相处。与高中生的学校适应能力相关。然而，父母的教育背景和自习室等受教育的物理环境没有关系。(3)通过对班级间学业能力差异的基本分析，发现有几所“好实践”学校得分较高，班级间差异较小。(248字)少

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between students' developmental aspects and the characteristics of their family backgrounds using questionnaire data of third and sixth-year students, third-year junior and senior high school students, and their parents, collected in 2004. Each school-year students' data included about 1,000, and parents' data included about 1500 in total. The characteristics of family backgrounds are measured in terms of parental academic backgrounds, families' educational resources, and the parents' guidance and provision for educational opportunities. Students' academic abilities were measured by Japanese and math test scores. The math test included two kinds of tests -AT (Achievement tests) and PA (Performance Assessment tests). The main results were as follows : (1)According to the students' and parents' questionnaires, relatively strong relationship was found between students' family background and their academic abilities. As a result of … More multiple regression analysis, we found that out-of-school educational expenditures, parents' educational expectations, family incomes, mothers' academic backgrounds affected students' math test scores. A significant relationship was not found between fathers' occupations and the habits of parents' behaviors, and students' academic abilities. (2)There was a significant relationship between family backgrounds and students' school adaptability. That is, "My parents used to read books to me when I was a child", "My parents used to take me to museums when I was a child", "My family places importance on meal", "My family places importance on getting along well with its neighbors." were related to the school adaptability of high school students. However, parents' academic backgrounds and educational physical surroundings such as study rooms were not related. (3)According to the basic analysis on the differences of academic abilities between classes, we found there were several "good practice" schools which marked relatively high scores and small differences between classes. (248 words) Less