Molecular mechanism of the function of fish egg lectins and its application

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The molecular mechanism of the functions of rhamnose-binding lectins (RBLs) from fish eggs was revealed. RBL played a role in biodefense by binding to a microsporidian as well as bacteria via glycolipids and lipopolysaccharides. The precise structures of three RBLs, CSL1, CSL2 and CSL3, from chum salmon were analyzed by using a novel chromatographic technique and X-ray crystallography. CSLs had the opsonic effect on the macrophage cell line from rainbow trout and induced the production of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. They were applied to reduce the infiltration of an opportunistic bacterium and induce the apoptotic death of human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Furthermore, the expression system for recombinant RBLs was constructed.