Long-term changes of nutrients intake and changes of cardiovascular risk factors

参与者是日本一家金属制品厂的6，705名员工。在2003年和2009年，使用自我管理的饮食史问卷对食物和营养素的饮食摄入进行了两次评估。与2003年的调查相比，2009年所有参与者的脂肪、肉类和年轻男性的盐摄入量较高，中年男性和女性的盐和鱼摄入量较低。当我们评估食物/营养素摄入量的6年变化与代谢参数变化之间的关联时，观察到男性的总脂肪摄入量与LDL-胆固醇、肉类摄入量与BMI之间呈正相关，纤维摄入量与甘油三酯之间呈负相关，绿色和黄色蔬菜摄入量与总胆固醇之间呈负相关，总能量与甘油三酯之间呈正相关，女性的脂肪摄入量与总胆固醇之间的关系。这些结果表明，食物/营养素摄入量的长期变化会影响心血管危险因素的变化。

Participants were 6,705 employees of a metal products factory in Japan. Dietary intake for foods and nutrients were assessed two times in 2003 and 2009 using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary intakes of fat, meats for all participants and salt for younger men were higher, and intakes of salt and fish for middle-aged men and women were lower in 2009 compared to 2003 survey. When we evaluated associations between 6-year changes of foods/nutrients intake and changes of metabolic parameters, positive associations between total fat intake and LDL-cholesterol, between meats intake and BMI, and inverse associations between fiber intake and triglycerides, and between green and yellow vegetables intake and total cholesterol were observed for men, and positive associations between total energy and triglycerides, and between fat intake and total cholesterol were observed for women. These results indicated that long-term change of foods/nutrients intakes would affected the changes of cardiovascular risk factors.