A cohort study for identifying risk factors of dental caries in children

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A total of 1757 pregnant women participated in the baseline survey of the Kyushu Okinawa Maternal and Child Health Study (KOMCHS). Of these 1757 women, the number of participating individuals who took part in the subsequent surveys were as follows: second survey, 1590; third survey, 1527; fourth survey; 1430, fifth survey, 1362; and sixth survey, 1306.Among young women, active smoking, but not passive smoking, was associated with an increased prevalence of periodontal disease. Salivary cotinine concentrations were positively associated with the prevalence of periodontal disease. VDR SNP rs731236 was associated with periodontal disease.