COVID-19 Pandemic among low-income Latino families in an agricultural community: Financial, occupational, and mental and physical health sequelae

COVID-19 在农业社区低收入拉丁裔家庭中的流行：财务、职业、精神和身体健康后遗症

• 批准号: 10176043
• 负责人: Brenda Eskenazi
• 金额: $ 16.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10176043
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Adult; Adult Children; Affect; Agricultural Workers; Agriculture; Anxiety; Area; Back; Behavior; Biological Markers; Blood Pressure; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; California; Carbamates; Caring; Child; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Contracts; Crowding; Data; Data Reporting; Disease; Documentation; Employment; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Family; Food; Foundations; Fright; Funding; Grant; Health; Health Benefit; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Policy; Health Services Accessibility; Herbicides; Home environment; Housing; Immigration; Immune system; Immunosuppression; Individual; Industrial fungicide; Infection; Knowledge; Latino; Link; Longitudinal cohort study; Low income; Measures; Medical; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mothers; Muscle Cramp; Nature; Occupational Health; Organophosphates; Participant; Personal Satisfaction; Pesticides; Policies; Politics; Population; Positioning Attribute; Poverty; Predisposition; Preventive; Recommendation; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Risk; Running; Salinas Valley; Security; Serologic tests; Severity of illness; Shelter facility; Testing; Toxicology; Travel; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vulnerable Populations; Water; Weather; Weight Gain; Work; Workplace; agricultural community; agricultural pesticide; authority; cohort; community partnership; conditioned fear; coronavirus disease; disorder risk; early life exposure; ethnic minority population; farm worker; food security; glyphosate; health assessment; high risk; immune health; immunotoxicity; in utero; infection risk; lower income families; pandemic disease; pesticide exposure; physical conditioning; prenatal; protective behavior; public health emergency; pyrethroid; rural America; seropositive; young adult

ABSTRACT We have been engaged in the CHAMACOS study (R01ES026994, PI-Eskenazi), a longitudinal cohort study of more than 600 Latino primarily farmworker families (N=600 mother-child dyads, N=1200) in the agricultural Salinas Valley California for 20+ years. The overaching aim of this study has been to investigate the health sequelae of pesticide exposure over the lifecourse from in utero to adulthood. In this proposal, we aim to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these families. Low-income families, and particularly farmworker families, will likely be disproportionately infected by COVID-19 given cramped living quarters, their “essential” work status, traveling to work in crowded farmworker buses, and close working conditions on packing lines. In addition, substantial epidemiologic and toxicologic evidence suggests that pesticides, including organophosphates (OPs), organochlorines (OCs), carbamates, pyrethroids, the herbicide glyphosate, and ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicides can impact immunologic suppression and increase susceptibility to infectious diseases and more severe disease. For these reasons, we estimate that between 20%-40% of the CHAMACOS cohort will have been infected by January 2021. In addition, we hypothesize that the CHAMACOS cohort will be more impacted by the pandemic given poverty, insecure employment, risk for food scarcity, immigration status, and poor access to health services. For the 600 mother-child dyads, we have collected key information prior to the pandemic on health, financial and food security, and other relevant variables that may have been altered by the pandemic or increased risk of infection. The specific aims of this proposed supplement are to collect data post-COVID-19 to assess change in health (weight gain, increase in blood pressure, increase in anxiety or depression), food and housing security, access to medical care for COVID-19 or non-COVID-19 related conditions, fear of immigration authorities, barriers to protective behaviors during the pandemic (crowded housing, no indoor running water, workplace policies), and SARS-CoV-2 infection by serology. We will assess whether cumulative pesticide exposure increased risk for infection and disease. Pesticide exposure will be determined in two ways: by using California’s unique Pesticide Use Reporting data linked to 20-year residential history (the lifetime of the child) and using existing biomarkers of exposure (including prenatal and early life exposure of the child). To our knowledge, there is no other study of a similar population given the hard-to-reach nature of this cohort, the richness of the existing data, and our long-term relationship with the families and the community. Thus, our proposal will give a rare window into a population at high-risk of contracting COVID-19 and our unique opportunity to understand how the pandemic affects low-income Latino families who are living and working in a farmworker community is unsurpassed.

摘要