Examining Stress and Arousal Across Pubertal Development in ASD

检查自闭症谱系障碍青春期发育过程中的压力和唤醒

• 批准号: 10178110
• 负责人: Blythe Anne Corbett
• 金额: $ 31.87万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10178110
• 关键词: 13 year old; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Age; Anxiety; Arousal; Behavioral; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Code; Cohort Effect; Development; Emotional Stress; Enrollment; Estradiol; Evaluation; Exhibits; Exposure to; Female; Feminine; Gender; Gender Role; Goals; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Home; Hormonal; Hormonal Change; Hormones; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Individual; Individual Differences; Investigation; Masculine; Measures; Mental Depression; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parents; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Peripheral Nervous System; Physiological; Pituitary Gland; Process; Progesterone; Psychometrics; Puberty; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sinus Arrhythmia; Social Change; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Stress; Symptoms; System; Testing; Testosterone; Time; Trier Social Stress Test; Well in self; adolescent with autism spectrum disorder; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; behavior observation; biopsychosocial; cohort; comorbidity; critical developmental period; depressive symptoms; design; emotion dysregulation; emotional functioning; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; indexing; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; male; peer; perceived stress; psychologic; resilience; respiratory; response; sex; social; social anxiety; social stress; stressor; targeted treatment; theories

Adolescence, the transition between childhood and adulthood, coincides with pubertal development, which is a time of remarkable psychological, physical, hormonal and social changes – a pivotal and critical transition for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A variety of physiological changes also occur which is evident in primary regulatory systems including the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS). These changes result in patterns of enhanced arousal and response to perceived stressors, which have led to a puberty-HPA stress hypothesis. Although this enhanced responsivity may help prepare the individual to adapt to increased demands and new challenges, it may increase vulnerability in youth with ASD who are already prone to enhanced physiological arousal and poor adaption to change. Collectively, findings from the research team have shown: 1) children with ASD exhibit more variability in physiological regulation and heightened response to stress over development, 2) higher cortisol to social interaction and lower cortisol to social threat in ASD, 3) a significant rise in emotion dysregulation (e.g., anxiety) in adolescence, 4) strong associations between social functioning, stress, and pubertal status, and 5) developmental transitions are pivotal to predicting risk and resiliency in individuals with ASD. Thus, we posit that there is significant need for enhanced study of the interplay between social and emotional functioning and stress across pubertal development to examine this potentially susceptible period in ASD. To examine developmental changes across puberty, the study will utilize a cross-sequential design by assessing male and female) children with ASD or typical development (TD) between 10 and 15 years measured longitudinally by following two cohorts for four years. Cohort 1 enrolled at 10-years (follow 10 to 13) and Cohort 2 enrolled at 12-years (follow 12 to 15) will be measured annually for four years. The cross- sectional or cohort effects will be tested when participants are 12 and 13 years of age. Pubertal development change will be examined by physiological (cortisol, Testosterone, Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia), behavioral (clinical, behavioral coding) and interpersonal (self-report and parent report) measures taken before and after social tasks. The results from this investigation may provide better understanding of the physiological and psychological processes and changes over pubertal development in children and youth with ASD. Moreover, these indices will be examined in relation to social functioning and emotional well-being to reveal potential relationships with comorbid conditions such as anxiety and depression. Thus, the overarching goal is to examine stress and arousal across pubertal development in ASD to ultimately identify potential risk factors, treatment targets, and therapeutic strategies.

青春期是儿童期和成年期之间的过渡期，恰逢青春期发育，这是一个 心理、身体、荷尔蒙和社会发生显着变化的时期——一个关键的转变 针对患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的青少年。还会发生各种生理变化 在包括下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺 (HPA) 轴和 副交感神经系统（PNS）。这些变化导致唤醒和反应模式增强 感知到的压力源，这导致了青春期 HPA 压力假说。虽然这增强了 响应能力可能有助于个人适应增加的需求和新的挑战，它可能 增加患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 青少年的脆弱性，他们本来就很容易出现生理唤醒增强和贫困的情况 适应变化。总的来说，研究小组的研究结果表明：1) 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童表现出 生理调节的变异性更大，对发育过程中的压力的​​反应更强，2) 更高 皮质醇对社交互动的影响以及自闭症谱系障碍中皮质醇对社会威胁的降低，3）情绪显着上升 青春期的失调（例如焦虑），4）社会功能、压力和 青春期状态，以及 5) 发育转变对于预测患有以下疾病的个体的风险和弹性至关重要 自闭症谱系障碍。因此，我们认为有必要加强对社会和社会之间相互作用的研究。 青春期发育过程中的情绪功能和压力，以检查这一潜在的易感时期 自闭症谱系障碍。为了检查整个青春期的发育变化，该研究将利用交叉序列设计 评估 10 至 15 岁之间患有 ASD 或典型发育 (TD) 的男性和女性儿童 通过跟踪两个队列四年进行纵向测量。第 1 组在 10 岁时入学（遵循 10 至 13） 第 2 组在 12 岁时注册（以下为 12 至 15 岁），将在四年内每年进行一次测量。交叉 当参与者年满 12 岁和 13 岁时，将测试分段效应或队列效应。青春期发育 将通过生理（皮质醇、睾酮、呼吸性窦性心律失常）、行为检查来检查变化 前后采取的（临床、行为编码）和人际（自我报告和家长报告）措施 社交任务。这项研究的结果可以帮助我们更好地了解生理和 患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童和青少年的心理过程和青春期发育的变化。而且， 这些指数将与社会功能和情绪健康相关联进行检查，以揭示潜在的 与焦虑和抑郁等共病的关系。因此，总体目标是 检查自闭症谱系障碍青春期发育过程中的压力和性唤起，最终确定潜在的风险因素， 治疗目标和治疗策略。