Examining Stress and Arousal Across Pubertal Development in ASD

检查自闭症谱系障碍青春期发育过程中的压力和唤醒

• 批准号: 9377198
• 负责人: Blythe Anne Corbett
• 金额: $ 53.84万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9377198
• 关键词: 13 year old; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Age; Anxiety; Arousal; Behavioral; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Code; Cohort Effect; Comorbidity; Development; Emotional; Enrollment; Estradiol; Evaluation; Exhibits; Exposure to; Female; Feminine; Gender; Gender Role; Goals; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Home environment; Hormonal; Hormonal Change; Hormones; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Individual; Individual Differences; Investigation; Masculine; Measures; Mental Depression; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parents; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Peripheral Nervous System; Physiological; Pituitary Gland; Process; Progesterone; Psychometrics; Puberty; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sinus Arrhythmia; Social Change; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Stress; Symptoms; System; Testing; Testosterone; Time; Trier Social Stress Test; Youth; autism spectrum disorder; behavior observation; biopsychosocial; cohort; critical developmental period; depressive symptoms; design; emotion dysregulation; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; indexing; male; peer; psychologic; resilience; respiratory; response; sex; social; social anxiety; social stress; stressor; targeted treatment; theories

Adolescence, the transition between childhood and adulthood, coincides with pubertal development, which is a time of remarkable psychological, physical, hormonal and social changes – a pivotal and critical transition for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A variety of physiological changes also occur which is evident in primary regulatory systems including the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS). These changes result in patterns of enhanced arousal and response to perceived stressors, which have led to a puberty-HPA stress hypothesis. Although this enhanced responsivity may help prepare the individual to adapt to increased demands and new challenges, it may increase vulnerability in youth with ASD who are already prone to enhanced physiological arousal and poor adaption to change. Collectively, findings from the research team have shown: 1) children with ASD exhibit more variability in physiological regulation and heightened response to stress over development, 2) higher cortisol to social interaction and lower cortisol to social threat in ASD, 3) a significant rise in emotion dysregulation (e.g., anxiety) in adolescence, 4) strong associations between social functioning, stress, and pubertal status, and 5) developmental transitions are pivotal to predicting risk and resiliency in individuals with ASD. Thus, we posit that there is significant need for enhanced study of the interplay between social and emotional functioning and stress across pubertal development to examine this potentially susceptible period in ASD. To examine developmental changes across puberty, the study will utilize a cross-sequential design by assessing male and female) children with ASD or typical development (TD) between 10 and 15 years measured longitudinally by following two cohorts for four years. Cohort 1 enrolled at 10-years (follow 10 to 13) and Cohort 2 enrolled at 12-years (follow 12 to 15) will be measured annually for four years. The cross- sectional or cohort effects will be tested when participants are 12 and 13 years of age. Pubertal development change will be examined by physiological (cortisol, Testosterone, Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia), behavioral (clinical, behavioral coding) and interpersonal (self-report and parent report) measures taken before and after social tasks. The results from this investigation may provide better understanding of the physiological and psychological processes and changes over pubertal development in children and youth with ASD. Moreover, these indices will be examined in relation to social functioning and emotional well-being to reveal potential relationships with comorbid conditions such as anxiety and depression. Thus, the overarching goal is to examine stress and arousal across pubertal development in ASD to ultimately identify potential risk factors, treatment targets, and therapeutic strategies.

青春期，童年与成年之间的过渡，与青春期的发展相吻合，这是一个 出色的心理，身体，荷尔蒙和社会变化的时间 - 关键和批判性过渡 适用于自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的青少年。也发生了多种身体变化 是主要调节系统的证据，包括下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）轴和 副交感神经系统（PNS）。这些变化导致唤醒和响应的增强模式 感知的压力源，这导致了青春期HPA应激假说。尽管这增强了 响应能力可能有助于使个人适应增加的需求和新挑战，它可能 增加已经容易增强身体唤醒和贫穷的ASD青年的脆弱性 适应改变。总体而言，研究小组的调查结果表明：1）ASD展览的儿童 物理调节的更多可变性和对发育压力的反应增强，2）较高 在ASD中，皮质醇与社会互动并将皮质醇降低到社会威胁，3）情绪的显着增长 青少年的失调（例如动画），4）社会功能，压力和 青春期的地位和5）发展过渡对于预测患有患者的风险和韧性至关重要 ASD。这是我们认为，需要加强对社会与社会相互作用的研究 整个青春期发展的情感功能和压力，以检查这个潜在的易感时期 ASD。为了检查整个青春期的发展变化，该研究将利用 评估ASD或典型发育（TD）10到15岁之间的男性和女性儿童 通过遵循两个队列四年来纵向测量。队列1在10年内注册（关注10至13） 每年将在12年内招收的队列2（随后12至15），每年进行四年。交叉 当参与者年满12岁和13岁时，将测试部分或队列效应。青春期发展 变化将通过物理（皮质醇，睾丸激素，呼吸窦性心律失常）检查，行为 （临床，行为编码）和人际关系（自我报告和父母报告）在之前和之后采取的措施 社会任务。这项调查的结果可能可以更好地了解生理学和 心理过程和ASD儿童和青少年青春期发展的变化。而且， 这些指数将与社会功能和情感健康有关，以揭示潜力 与焦虑和抑郁等合并症的关系。那，总体目标是 检查ASD中青春期发展的压力和唤醒，以最终确定潜在的危险因素， 治疗目标和治疗策略。