Visual cortical mechanisms for the perception of self-generated vs. external motion

感知自生运动与外部运动的视觉皮层机制

• 批准号: 10289888
• 负责人: Stephen Louis Macknik
• 金额: $ 8.83万
• 依托单位: SUNY DOWNSTATE MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10289888
• 关键词: Academia; Administrative Supplement; Amblyopia; American Indians; Automobile Driving; Award; Biomedical Engineering; Budgets; Communities; Computer Models; Data Analyses; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Electrophysiology (science); Eligibility Determination; Engineering; Environment; Eye Movements; Face; Female; Funding; Grant; Hispanics; International; Judgment; Lead; Letters; Mentors; Minority; Motion; Motion Perception; National Eye Institute; Native Americans; Neurosciences; Ocular orbit; Performance; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Probability; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Schools; Science; Self Perception; Societies; Space Perception; Strabismus; Surveys; Training; Underrepresented Populations; United States National Institutes of Health; Vertigo; Visual Cortex; Woman; Work; base; career; equilibration disorder; experience; interest; loss of function; member; nervous system disorder; oculomotor; parent project; peer coaching; programs; retinal imaging; senior faculty; statistics; success; symposium; visual processing

Project Summary How do we distinguish motion in the world from similar retinal image displacements due to eye movements? This problem has particular importance in diseases such as vertigo and various spatial orientation disorders, where deficits in motion perception—including the suppression of self-motion—lead to devastating conse- quences. Impaired balance and motion perception substantially impact people's daily lives, hindering spatial judgments, and impeding performance during bodily motion tasks, such as ambulating or driving a vehicle. This research supplement application seeks to replace a critical position cut during the JIT phase after the parent project (R01EY031971) was selected for funding. Specifically, the award notice cut the project's engineer, Ms. Olivya Caballero. The loss of the position reduces the team's abilities to complete the Specific Aims, as acknowl- edged by the award notice. More importantly, for this supplement request, the National Eye Institute (NEI) may not have realized that Ms. Caballero is a female Native American biomedical engineer (Baccalaureate holder) with an established interest in research training. Had she been funded, she would have highly enhanced the diversity of researchers funded by the NEI. According to the NSF WMPD (the arbiter of diversity statistics cited by the administrative supplement program, PA-20-222), about 22% of engineering degrees were granted to females in the most recent survey. Only 0.3% of engineering degrees are granted to Native Americans. Thus, the combined probability of funding a female Native American engineer on an NEI grant is 1:1515 (assuming all other effects are held equal). It seems likely (> 50%) that, unless the NEI currently funds ≥ 3030 engineering FTEs through its various programs, cutting Ms. Caballero's position might have resulted in eliminating the only female Native American engineer in its ranks. This supplement application seeks to reestablish Ms. Caballero's position. It will significantly enhance the diversity of the NEI's ranks (following from the NIH's Notice of NIH's Interest in Diversity: NOT-OD-20-031) and restore a substantial cut to the funded research project. The MPIs will train the candidate in multiple aspects of oculomotor electrophysiology, data analysis, and computational modeling—to prepare her to pursue her interest in entering graduate school in biomedical engineering. The supplement will moreover serve to enhance the project's ability to elucidate the loss of function in various oculo- motor and neurological disorders, and as such, is directly relevant to the research priorities of the Strabismus, Amblyopia, and Visual Processing program at the NEI.

项目摘要 我们如何区分世界上的运动与由于眼球运动引起的类似视网膜图像位移？ 这个问题在诸如眩晕和各种空间定向障碍的疾病中特别重要， 运动知觉的缺陷--包括自我运动的抑制--会导致毁灭性的后果， 序列。平衡和运动感知受损严重影响了人们的日常生活，阻碍了空间 判断，以及在身体运动任务期间妨碍表现，例如走动或驾驶车辆。这 研究补充申请寻求在母公司之后的JIT阶段替换关键职位削减 项目（R 01 EY 031971）被选中供资。具体来说，获奖通知削减了该项目的工程师，女士。 奥莉维亚·卡瓦列罗失去这个位置会降低团队完成特定目标的能力，因为...... 在获奖通知书的边缘。更重要的是，对于这一补充请求，国家眼科研究所（NEI）可能会 我没有意识到卡瓦列罗女士是一位女性美洲土著生物医学工程师（学士学位保持器持有者） 对研究培训有兴趣如果她得到资助，她会大大提高 由NEI资助的研究人员的多样性。根据NSF WMPD（多样性统计的仲裁者， 通过行政补充计划，PA-20-222），大约22%的工程学位被授予 女性在最近的调查中。只有0.3%的工程学位授予了美洲原住民。因此，在本发明中， 在NEI补助金上资助一名女性美国原住民工程师的综合概率是1：1515（假设所有 其他效果相同）。似乎有可能（> 50%），除非NEI目前资助≥ 3030工程 通过其各种计划，削减卡瓦列罗女士的职位可能会导致消除唯一的 美国原住民工程师这份补充申请旨在重建卡瓦列罗女士 位置它将显著增强NEI排名的多样性（根据NIH的通知， 对多样性的兴趣：NOT-OD-20-031），并恢复对资助研究项目的大幅削减。的mpi 将在眼电生理学，数据分析和计算的多个方面培训候选人 建模-准备她追求她的兴趣进入研究生院在生物医学工程。的 此外，补充将有助于提高该项目阐明各种眼功能丧失的能力， 运动和神经系统疾病，因此，与斜视的研究优先事项直接相关， 弱视和视觉处理项目。