Visual cortical mechanisms for the perception of self-generated vs. external motion

项目摘要 我们如何将世界上的运动与眼球运动引起的类似的视网膜图像移位区分开来？ 这个问题在眩晕和各种空间定向障碍等疾病中特别重要， 运动知觉缺陷--包括对自我运动的抑制--会导致毁灭性的后果 奎恩斯。平衡和运动知觉受损严重影响人们的日常生活，阻碍空间 在身体运动任务中，如行走或驾驶车辆时，判断和阻碍表现。这 研究补充申请寻求取代在JIT阶段削减的关键职位 项目(R01EY031971)被选为资助项目。具体地说，获奖通知削减了该项目的工程师。 奥利维亚·卡巴列罗。职位的丧失降低了团队完成具体目标的能力，众所周知- 在获奖通知的边缘。更重要的是，对于这一补充请求，国家眼科研究所(NEI)可能 我还没意识到卡巴列罗女士是一位美国原住民生物医学女工程师(持有学士学位) 对研究训练有既定的兴趣。如果她得到了资助，她会大大提高 NEI资助的研究人员的多样性。根据NSF WMPD(引用的多样性统计数据的仲裁者 根据行政补充计划PA-20-222)，大约22%的工程学学位被授予 最近一次调查中的女性。只有0.3%的工程学学位授予美洲原住民。因此， 在NEI拨款中资助一名美国原住民女性工程师的综合概率为1：1515(假设所有 其他影响保持不变)。这似乎是可能的(&gt；50%)，除非NEI目前为≥3030工程提供资金 通过其各种计划，削减卡瓦列罗女士的职位可能会导致取消唯一的 它的队伍中有一名美国原住民女工程师。这份补充申请旨在重新确立卡巴列罗女士的 位置。它将显著增强NEI队伍的多样性(遵循NIH关于NIH的通知 对多样性的兴趣：非OD-20-031)，并恢复对资助研究项目的大幅削减。MPI 将对应聘者进行动眼神经电生理学、数据分析和计算等多方面的培训 模特--让她为进入生物医学工程研究生院的兴趣做好准备。这个 此外，补充还将有助于增强该项目阐明各种眼球功能丧失的能力。 运动和神经障碍，因此，与斜视的研究重点直接相关， 弱视，以及NEI的视觉处理程序。

Project Summary How do we distinguish motion in the world from similar retinal image displacements due to eye movements? This problem has particular importance in diseases such as vertigo and various spatial orientation disorders, where deficits in motion perception—including the suppression of self-motion—lead to devastating conse- quences. Impaired balance and motion perception substantially impact people's daily lives, hindering spatial judgments, and impeding performance during bodily motion tasks, such as ambulating or driving a vehicle. This research supplement application seeks to replace a critical position cut during the JIT phase after the parent project (R01EY031971) was selected for funding. Specifically, the award notice cut the project's engineer, Ms. Olivya Caballero. The loss of the position reduces the team's abilities to complete the Specific Aims, as acknowl- edged by the award notice. More importantly, for this supplement request, the National Eye Institute (NEI) may not have realized that Ms. Caballero is a female Native American biomedical engineer (Baccalaureate holder) with an established interest in research training. Had she been funded, she would have highly enhanced the diversity of researchers funded by the NEI. According to the NSF WMPD (the arbiter of diversity statistics cited by the administrative supplement program, PA-20-222), about 22% of engineering degrees were granted to females in the most recent survey. Only 0.3% of engineering degrees are granted to Native Americans. Thus, the combined probability of funding a female Native American engineer on an NEI grant is 1:1515 (assuming all other effects are held equal). It seems likely (> 50%) that, unless the NEI currently funds ≥ 3030 engineering FTEs through its various programs, cutting Ms. Caballero's position might have resulted in eliminating the only female Native American engineer in its ranks. This supplement application seeks to reestablish Ms. Caballero's position. It will significantly enhance the diversity of the NEI's ranks (following from the NIH's Notice of NIH's Interest in Diversity: NOT-OD-20-031) and restore a substantial cut to the funded research project. The MPIs will train the candidate in multiple aspects of oculomotor electrophysiology, data analysis, and computational modeling—to prepare her to pursue her interest in entering graduate school in biomedical engineering. The supplement will moreover serve to enhance the project's ability to elucidate the loss of function in various oculo- motor and neurological disorders, and as such, is directly relevant to the research priorities of the Strabismus, Amblyopia, and Visual Processing program at the NEI.