General Brain Arousal and Risk for Eating Disorder

青春期前性腺激素激增，启动了儿童快速的社会和情感发展 青春期对女性大脑有特定的影响，这可能是导致精神障碍风险加速的原因 暴饮暴食与女孩相对男孩暴食的发展。我们建议测试一个性别差异模型 在青春期早期暴饮暴食的风险中强调了性腺激素的不同影响 与男孩相比，女孩大脑功能网络的发育状况说明风险增加 在这个脆弱的时期。该模型利用一般的大脑唤醒理论来预测性腺的作用。 荷尔蒙对大脑功能网络的影响，并以MPI的理论工作为基础，凯利博士的开创性工作 Klump和他的同事在双胞胎研究中缓解了饮食失调的遗传风险，以及开创性的 Donald Pfaff博士及其同事就性腺激素的激活效应所做的工作。 本R01项目的具体目的有两个：1)在中介中检验性别差异 性腺激素对大脑网络的影响导致暴饮暴食的风险 在基线和纵向超过2年的跟踪中，显著和抑制控制；以及2)发展 一般脑唤醒计算模型解释早期暴饮暴食风险的性别差异 青春期。中心假设是：(I)性腺激素状态将预测发育 唤醒、奖赏处理、情绪突显和抑制控制的大脑功能网络的现状 纵向上是女孩而不是男孩；(Ii)这些神经内分泌相互作用将调节暴食的风险 (3)性腺激素状态将预测这些大脑之间的协变性。 女孩中的网络，而不是男孩中的网络，这表明性腺激素影响的是一种性二态机制 一系列行为，其特征是对突出的、有回报的和有压力的环境的反应发生变化 暗示。收集的大量临床、内分泌和功能磁共振成像(FMRI)数据用于 青春期大脑认知发育(ABCD)基线和随访研究呈现理想状态 关键发育期暴饮暴食风险性别差异模型的检验机制 在青春期早期，性激素水平激增，不适应进食行为首先出现。 这些目标有直接的

The prepubertal gonadal hormone surge that primes the rapid social and emotional development of adolescence has specific influences on female brains that may account for the accelerated risk for disordered eating and development of binge eating in girls relative to boys. We propose to test a model of sex differences in the risk for binge eating in early adolescence that emphasizes the differential influence of gonadal hormone status on the development of functional brain networks in girls relative to boys to account for the enhanced risk during this vulnerable period. The model leverages general brain arousal theory to predict the effect of gonadal hormones on functional brain networks, and builds on theoretical work by the MPI, seminal work by Dr. Kelly Klump and colleagues on moderated genetic risks for disordered eating in twin studies, and the pioneering work of Dr. Donald Pfaff and colleagues on the activating effects of gonadal hormones. The specific aims of this R01 project are two-fold: 1) to test for sex differences in the mediation of binge eating risk by gonadal hormonal influences on brain networks for arousal, reward processing, emotional salience, and inhibitory control at baseline and longitudinally over 2-year follow-up; and 2) to develop a computational model of general brain arousal to explain sex differences in the risk for binge eating in early adolescence. The central hypotheses are that (i) gonadal hormone status will predict the developmental status of functional brain networks for arousal, reward processing, emotional salience, and inhibitory control longitudinally in girls but not boys; (ii) these neuroendocrine interactions will mediate the risk for binge eating longitudinally in girls but not boys; and (iii) gonadal hormone status will predict covariation between these brain networks in girls but not boys, suggesting a sexually dimorphic mechanism for gonadal hormones to influence a range of behaviors characterized by altered responses to salient, rewarding, and stressful environmental cues. The large set of clinical, endocrine, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data collected for the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study at baseline and follow-up presents an ideal mechanism to test this model of sex differences in risk for binge eating during the critical developmental period in early puberty when gonadal hormone levels surge and maladaptive eating behaviors first emerge. These aims have direct