10/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT SRI

项目概要/摘要 青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）是关于大脑发育和儿童的最大的长期研究 在美国的健康状况。 ABCD 研究联盟由全国 21 个研究中心组成， 协调中心以及数据分析和信息学资源中心。在 RFA 的头五年里 DA-15-015，ABCD 从整个联盟招募了 11,878 名 9-10 岁儿童的不同样本，并将追踪 他们从青春期到成年早期的生物和行为发展。 所有参与者都接受了全面的基线评估，包括最先进的脑成像、 神经心理学测试、生物测定、仔细评估物质使用、心理健康、身体健康和 文化和环境。类似的详细评估每两年进行一次。临时亲自年度 访谈和年中电话或移动应用程序评估提供了精确的时间分辨率 随着时间的推移发生的发展变化和生活事件，对参与青少年的负担最小， 父母。我们付出了巨大努力，通过以下方式让绝大多数参与者参与到研究中： 青春期及以后，迄今为止的保留率非常高。神经影像学拓展了我们的视野 了解从童年到成年的大脑发育。使用这个和其他尖端技术 技术，ABCD 可以确定不同类型的青少年经历（例如体育、学校 参与、课外活动、视频游戏、社交媒体、不健康的睡眠模式和电子烟）互动 彼此之间以及孩子不断变化的生物学影响大脑发育以及社交、行为、学术、 健康和其他结果。 与科学界安全、私密地共享的数据将使研究人员能够：(1) 描述 神经、认知、情感和学术功能方面的个人发展路径，以及 影响因素； （二）制定大脑健康发育国家标准； (3) 调查角色和 基因和环境对发育的相互作用； (4) 检查体力活动、睡眠、屏幕时间、 运动损伤（包括脑外伤）和其他经历会影响大脑发育； (5) 确定并复制影响从儿童期到青年期心理健康的因素； (6) 表征 心理健康与药物滥用之间的关系； (7) 详细说明如何使用物质，例如 大麻、酒精、烟草和咖啡因会影响发育结果，以及神经、认知、情感、 环境因素影响青少年物质使用的风险。

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) is the largest long-term study of brain development and child health in the United States. The ABCD Research Consortium consists of 21 research sites across the country, a Coordinating Center, and a Data Analysis and Informatics Resource Center. In its first five years, under RFA- DA-15-015, ABCD enrolled a diverse sample of 11,878 9-10 year olds from across the consortium, and will track their biological and behavioral development through adolescence into young adulthood. All participants received a comprehensive baseline assessment, including state-of-the-art brain imaging, neuropsychological testing, bioassays, careful assessment of substance use, mental health, physical health, and culture and environment. A similar detailed assessment recurs every 2 years. Interim in-person annual interviews and mid-year telephone or mobile app assessments provide refined temporal resolution of developmental changes and life events that occur over time with minimal burden to participating youth and parents. Intensive efforts are made to keep the vast majority of participants involved with the study through adolescence and beyond, and retention rates thus far are very high. Neuroimaging has expanded our understanding of brain development from childhood into adulthood. Using this and other cutting-edge technologies, ABCD can determine how different kinds of youth experiences (such as sports, school involvement, extracurricular activities, videogames, social media, unhealthy sleep patterns, and vaping) interact with each other and with a child's changing biology to affect brain development and social, behavioral, academic, health, and other outcomes. Data, securely and privately shared with the scientific community, will enable investigators to: (1) describe individual developmental pathways in terms of neural, cognitive, emotional, and academic functioning, and influencing factors; (2) develop national standards of healthy brain development; (3) investigate the roles and interaction of genes and the environment on development; (4) examine how physical activity, sleep, screen time, sports injuries (including traumatic brain injuries), and other experiences influence brain development; (5) determine and replicate factors that influence mental health from childhood to young adulthood; (6) characterize relationships between mental health and substance use; and (7) specify how use of substances such as cannabis, alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine affects developmental outcomes, and how neural, cognitive, emotional, and environmental factors influence the risk for adolescent substance use.