National Consortium on Alcohol and NeuroDevelopment in Adolescence (N-CANDA): SRI

描述(由申请人提供)：为响应RFA-AA-12-006，本申请提出了国家青少年酒精与神经发育联盟(N-CADA)的SRI国际研究部分，以确定酒精使用对青少年大脑发育的影响。招募年龄在12岁至21岁之间的高风险增强型社区样本170名SRI受试者(来自所有地点的N=680人)将完成基线评估，并以加速纵向设计接受三次年度后续评估。在每次就诊时，将测量多模式磁共振成像(MRI)方案、全面的神经心理学组合、酒精和其他物质使用及相关问题的评估、精神健康症状学以及物质使用障碍的风险因素。脑成像包括最先进的高分辨率结构磁共振成像(SMRI)、弥散张量成像(DTI)和静息状态磁共振成像(RsMRI)。对酒精后果的研究将重点放在大脑区域的结构和功能成熟上，这些区域在青春期活跃地发展，参与心理调节，对奖励做出反应，并被认为容易受到不愉快的酒精影响。此外，SRI研究部门还将合作开展另外两项研究。我们将与匹兹堡大学合作进行一项实验室睡眠研究，以考察青少年大量饮酒对睡眠脑电发育轨迹的影响，睡眠脑电是大脑功能完整性的新的敏感标志。我们还将 与UCSD合作，研究青少年大量饮酒对默认模式网络完整性的影响，以及这种影响在多大程度上调节认知表现，使用在Stroop匹配到样本任务期间执行的fMRI协议中获取的数据的功能连接性分析。在风险和基线大脑特征的背景下进行研究，我们将确定酒精暴露对青少年大脑发育轨迹的影响，并确定可能使青少年面临酒精使用障碍高风险的先前存在的心理生物脆弱性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In response to RFA-AA-12-006, this application proposes the SRI International Research Component of the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (N-CANDA) to determine the effects of alcohol use on the developing adolescent brain. Recruited at ages 12 through 21, a high risk enhanced community sample of 170 SRI subjects (N=680 from all sites) will complete a baseline assessment and undergo three annual follow-up assessments in an accelerated longitudinal design. At each visit, a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and assessments of alcohol and other substance use and related problems, mental health symptomatology, and substance use disorder risk factors will be measured. Brain imaging includes state-of-the-art high resolution structural MRI (sMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and resting state MRI (rsMRI). The examination of alcohol consequences will focus on structural and functional maturation of brain areas that are actively developing during adolescence, involved in psychological regulation, responsive to rewards, and thought to be vulnerable to untoward alcohol effects. In addition, the SRI Research Component will collaborate on two additional studies. We will collaborate with Pittsburgh in a laboratory sleep study to examine the effects of adolescent heavy drinking on developmental trajectories of sleep EEG, a novel and sensitive marker of functional brain integrity. We will also collaborate with UCSD to study the effects of adolescent heavy drinking on default mode network integrity, and the extent to which this mediates cognitive performance, using functional connectivity analysis of data acquired in an fMRI protocol conducted during a Stroop Match-to-Sample Task. Studied in the context of risks and baseline brain characteristics, we will determine both the effects of alcohol exposure on the developmental trajectory of the adolescent human brain, and identify preexisting psychobiological vulnerabilities that may put an adolescent at heightened risk for an alcohol use disorder.