BEHAVIORAL AND VETERINARY APPROACHES TO PRIMATE BREEDING

灵长类动物育种的行为和兽医方法

• 批准号: 2285117
• 负责人: FRANS B DE WAAL
• 金额: $ 18.05万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-01 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2285117
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; Macaca nemestrina; Pan; Primates; aggression; animal breeding; animal colony; environmental adaptation; ethology; model design /development; psychological models; stress; veterinary science

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the applicant's abstract): The purpose of this interdisciplinary project is to accumulate information on the relation between physical and psychological health of captive primates and their social housing conditions. This information is needed to successfully manage existing colonies of AIDS animal models, such as the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), and pigtail macaque (M. nemestrina). Data collected on nonhuman primates under a variety of conditions will be supplemented with a unique data base accumulated during previous research. Standardized behavioral protocols and a computerized data base will enhance the ability of national breeding programs to justify existing housing conditions and/or provide an empirical basis for the design of future facilities. One of the envisaged end-products is a guide with behavioral data collection techniques, basal levels of easy-to-observe behavior patterns, as well as general health information. At the same time, the proposed research is part of an ongoing effort to develop a new theoretical model of environmental effects on aggressive behavior. The existing model, which attributes aggression levels to crowding, has serious flaws. Nonhuman primates have many checks and balances on aggression and violence, and appear to effectively cope and neutralize social tensions related to high population densities through appeasement and peacemaking. Research on chimpanzees will concern three main conditions: small groups in indoor/outdoor runs; larger groups in outdoor compounds; and, zoo groups in naturalistic enclosures. The chimpanzees will be observed with existing, detailed methods to determine the frequency of aggressive behavior, affiliation patterns, play, reproductive behavior, etc. The proposed study seeks to integrate behavioral and veterinary measures of well-being while paying special attention to measures of environmentally induced stress, ranging from behavioral stress measures to fecal cortisol levels, and immunological data. Research on pigtail macaques will be modeled after a previous large-scale study of rhesus monkeys. It will involve corral-housed groups as well as small harem groups. The study of pigtail macaques will be entirely observational and behavioral.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：本申请的目的 跨学科的项目是积累信息的关系 圈养灵长类动物的生理和心理健康 社会住房条件。 需要这些信息才能成功 管理现有的艾滋病动物模型群体，如黑猩猩 (Pan troglodytes）、恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）和猪尾猕猴 （M.线虫属）。 在各种条件下收集的非人灵长类动物数据 的条件将补充一个独特的数据库积累 在以前的研究中。 标准化的行为协议和 计算机化数据库将提高国家育种能力 证明现有住房条件和/或提供 未来设施设计的经验基础。 之一 设想的最终产品是行为数据收集指南 技术，易于观察的行为模式的基础水平，以及 作为一般健康信息。 同时，建议研究 是正在进行的努力的一部分，以开发一个新的理论模型， 环境对攻击行为的影响 现有的模式， 将攻击性水平归因于拥挤，有严重的缺陷。 非人类 灵长类动物在攻击和暴力方面有很多制衡机制， 似乎有效地科普和消除了社会紧张关系， 通过绥靖和建立和平来提高人口密度。 研究 关于黑猩猩的研究将涉及三个主要条件： 室内/室外跑步;户外大院中的较大团体;以及动物园团体 在自然主义的围栏里。 我们将观察黑猩猩 现有的，详细的方法来确定侵略性的频率， 行为、关系模式、游戏、生殖行为等。 拟议的研究旨在整合行为和兽医措施， 同时特别注意环境保护措施， 诱发压力，从行为压力测量到粪便压力测量， 皮质醇水平和免疫学数据 猪尾猕猴的研究 将仿照之前对恒河猴的大规模研究。 它将涉及畜栏圈养群体以及小后宫群体。 的 对猪尾猕猴的研究将完全是观察和行为的。