Transcriptome analysis in Indian buffalo and the genetics of innate immunity

印度水牛的转录组分析和先天免疫的遗传学

• 批准号: BB/L004623/1
• 负责人: David Hume
• 金额: $ 87.27万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FL004623%2F1
• 关键词: Transcriptome; analysis; Indian; buffalo; genetics

India is home to almost half of the world's domesticated water buffalo. Buffalo are used as draft, meat, and dairy animals. Their dung is used as a fertilizer, and as a fuel when dried. Buffalo milk has the lowest water content and highest fat content amongst farm animals, and the butterfat is a major source of ghee used in cooking. A number of major breeds of buffalo have been generated, but there has been relatively little systematic study of their disease resistance. The buffalo population of India is afflicted by a wide range of diseases with substantial mortality and morbidity, which have a massive impact on small holders' livelihoods and in many cases are also zoonotic. Some of these afflict cattle and buffalo equally, others such as pasteurellosis, are far more likely to cause death to buffalo than to cattle. In order to understand the molecular basis of disease susceptibility, and to build capacity for buffalo improvement, we propose a three-pronged project. We will carry out a survey of two major diseases of buffalo: tuberculosis and brucellosis. These diseases are both present at estimated percentages of at least 10% in adult animals and substantially greater in some villages. They represent significant sources of zoonotic infections of humans with whom they share close quarters. Where possible, and opportunistically in the case of significant outbreaks, we will also screen animals for other common pathogens such as pasteurella (haemorhagic septiceamia) black quarter (chlostridia) and leptospirosis, which tend to be seasonal, theileria spp and FMDV. In every case, we will collect DNA and we will seek to understand why some animals are infected and others are resistant. There are several major breeds of buffalo in India, but we know little of their genetic diversity. A second focus of the project is to understand how these breeds differ from each other. Finally, and building upon recent data from mouse, human and pig, and a parallel Roslin project on sheep, we proposed to create a gene expression atlas for the water buffalo. This will involve collection of a wide range of tissues from young adult animals. This information will underpin efforts to understand how genetic diversity leads to differences in infectious disease resistance between breeds and between animals. An important outcome of this project will be the transfer of molecular genetic skills and knowledge between the UK and India; in both directions because the diseases of interest are also economically important in the UK.

印度是世界上几乎一半的家养布法罗的家园。布法罗被用作驮畜、肉用和产奶动物。他们的粪便被用作肥料，干燥后用作燃料。布法罗牛奶的含水量最低，脂肪含量最高，乳脂是烹饪中使用的酥油的主要来源。布法罗的一些主要品种已经产生，但一直相对较少的系统研究，他们的抗病性。印度的布法罗受到各种疾病的折磨，死亡率和发病率都很高，对小农的生计产生了巨大影响，在许多情况下也是动物传染病。其中一些疾病对牛和布法罗同样有害，其他疾病如巴氏杆菌病对布法罗的致死率远远高于牛。为了了解疾病易感性的分子基础，并建立布法罗改良的能力，我们提出了一个三管齐下的项目。我们将对布法罗的两种主要疾病：结核病和布鲁氏菌病进行调查。这些疾病在成年动物中的估计百分比至少为10%，在一些村庄中更高。它们是与它们生活在一起的人类感染人畜共患病的重要来源。在可能的情况下，并在重大疫情爆发的情况下，我们还将对动物进行其他常见病原体的筛查，如巴氏杆菌（嗜血性败血症）、黑季杆菌（嗜热链球菌）和钩端螺旋体病（往往是季节性的）、泰勒虫属和口蹄疫病毒。在每一种情况下，我们都将收集DNA，我们将试图了解为什么有些动物被感染，而另一些动物则有抗药性。印度有几个主要的布法罗品种，但我们对它们的遗传多样性知之甚少。该项目的第二个重点是了解这些品种之间的差异。最后，基于最近从小鼠、人类和猪获得的数据，以及与之平行的Roslin绵羊项目，我们建议为布法罗创建一个基因表达图谱。这将涉及从年轻成年动物中收集广泛的组织。这些信息将有助于理解遗传多样性如何导致品种之间和动物之间的传染病抗性差异。该项目的一个重要成果将是英国和印度之间的分子遗传技术和知识的转移;在两个方向，因为感兴趣的疾病在英国也具有重要的经济意义。

项目成果

Species-Specific Transcriptional Regulation of Genes Involved in Nitric Oxide Production and Arginine Metabolism in Macrophages.

• DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.1700073
• 发表时间: 2018-01-01
• 期刊: ImmunoHorizons
• 作者: Young R;Bush SJ;Lefevre L;McCulloch MEB;Lisowski ZM;Muriuki C;Waddell LA;Sauter KA;Pridans C;Clark EL;Hume DA
• 通讯作者: Hume DA

ADGRE1 (EMR1, F4/80) Is a Rapidly-Evolving Gene Expressed in Mammalian Monocyte-Macrophages.

• DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02246
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Frontiers in immunology
• 影响因子: 7.3
• 作者: Waddell LA;Lefevre L;Bush SJ;Raper A;Young R;Lisowski ZM;McCulloch MEB;Muriuki C;Sauter KA;Clark EL;Irvine KM;Pridans C;Hope JC;Hume DA
• 通讯作者: Hume DA