DISCRETE VS CONTINOUS MODELS OF INFORMATION PROCESSING

信息处理的离散模型与连续模型

• 批准号: 3379069
• 负责人: JEFFREY O MILLER
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-01 至 1987-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3379069
• 关键词: biological information processing; memory; mental process; model design /development; psychological models; psychomotor reaction time; semantics; sensory discrimination; stimulus /response; visual stimulus

Two very different types of models are consistent with most of the available facts in the fields of cognitive psychology and human information processing. One type of model characterizes mental processing as a series of sequential operations with discrete outputs, and the other characterizes mental processing as a series of cascading operations with continuous outputs. It is important to be able to discriminate between these two types of models, because they have very different implications about how researchers should design experiments to study mental processes. The goal of this research is to develop methods for discriminating between the two types of models. Several different experimental paradigms will be considered as possible means for distinguishing the models, and these paradigms will be applied across a wide range of stimuli and tasks. The main empirical question addressed by these experiments is whether preliminary information available to one mental process can be used by a succeeding mental process before the earlier one has finished. For example, can information about a partially recognized stimulus be used to start preparing responses before recognition of the entire stimulus is complete? Continuous models predict an affirmative answer, whereas discrete models predict a negative answer. While the answer need not be the same in all tasks, it is important to have methods capable of determining the answer for any particular task used in studies of mental processes.

两种非常不同类型的模型与大多数模型一致 认知心理学和人类信息领域的可用事实 加工。 一种类型的模型将心理处理描述为一系列 带有离散输出的顺序操作，另一个表征 心理处理是一系列级联操作，连续 输出。 能够区分这两个很重要 模型类型，因为它们对如何 研究人员应设计实验以研究心理过程。 目标 这项研究的是开发区分两者的方法 模型的类型。 几个不同的实验范例将是 被认为是区分模型的方法，这些 范式将应用于广泛的刺激和任务。 这 这些实验解决的主要经验问题是 一个心理过程可用的初步信息可以由 在较早的过程结束之前成功进行心理过程。 为了 例如，可以将有关部分识别刺激的信息用于 在识别整个刺激之前，开始准备响应是 完全的？ 连续模型预测了一个肯定的答案，而 离散模型预测了负面答案。 虽然答案不必是 在所有任务中都相同，重要的是要拥有能够的方法 确定精神研究中使用的任何特定任务的答案 过程。