REVERSIBLE SPLIT-BRAIN BY COMMISSURAL CONDUCTION BLOCK

通过连合传导阻滞实现可逆裂脑

• 批准号: 3408541
• 负责人: JAMES L RINGO
• 金额: $ 13.7万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-04-01 至 1996-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3408541
• 关键词: Macaca nemestrina; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; electrostimulus; hippocampus; memory; neural information processing; split brain; visual stimulus

Investigation of visual memory in the nonhuman primate has enjoyed remarkable recent success, among other things, in demonstrating the closeness between human and nonhuman primate mnemonic processing and amnesias. This success has come largely from using the technique of destruction of relevant portions of the neuronal substrate, e.g., hippocampal formation. However, possibly because of limitations of lesioning technique, information on the time course of initial storage and retrieval occurring within the putative mnemonic circuitry is absent in this account. Experiments performed in this laboratory, during the previous support period, have now revealed a unique opportunity to address such questions with unexpected precision. It was found that a single electrical burst of one to four pulses lasting less than 50 milliseconds (ms), delivered to the hippocampal formation in macaques 50-200 ms after a 50 ms view of visual image, eliminates their ability to recognize that image subsequently. Such pulses before or after this period are essentially without effect. Similarly, delivery of electrical stimulation while the animal is endeavoring to retrieve a previously viewed image severely disrupts its accuracy. Such pulses are otherwise without effect upon performance. The proposed experiments then, will use brief perturbing pulses to measure the temporal course of mnemonic processing with great precision, and do so for different components of the hippocampal formation. to this end, advantage will be taken of the fact that performance by a single hemisphere in a split-brain macaque is essentially equivalent to that with both hemispheres; thus it will be possible to achieve the perturbation from a single locus at a time, greatly enhancing the ability to specify critical sites. The contribution of this project is aimed directly at the neuronal circuitry supporting memory. Its clinical relevance is not immediate but could nonetheless be profound since it would be rather surprising if a full understanding of the mnemonic circuitry did not have a major impact on the important - and with the aging population - growing health problems involving memory.

对非人灵长类动物视觉记忆的研究 最近取得的显著成功，除其他外， 人类和非人类灵长类动物记忆处理之间的接近性， 健忘症 这一成功很大程度上来自于使用 破坏神经元基质的相关部分，例如， 海马结构 然而，可能是由于 损伤技术，关于初始储存时间进程的信息， 提取发生在假定的记忆电路是缺席， 这个账户。 在这个实验室里进行的实验， 上一个支持期，现在已经揭示了一个独特的机会， 这些问题的精确度出乎意料 结果发现， 持续时间小于50毫秒的一至四个脉冲的电脉冲 (ms)，在猕猴中，在一次给药后50-200 ms， 50毫秒的视觉图像视图，消除了他们识别 图片随后 在此周期之前或之后的这种脉冲是 基本上没有效果。 类似地，电刺激的递送 当动物努力检索先前观看的图像时 严重影响了它的准确性。 这样的脉冲在其他方面是无效的 在性能上。 然后，拟议的实验将使用短暂的扰动脉冲来测量 记忆处理的时间过程，并做到这一点， 海马结构的不同组成部分。 为此， 将利用单个半球的性能 在裂脑猕猴中的作用基本上等同于 因此，将有可能实现扰动从一个 一次一个位点，大大提高了指定关键的能力， 网站. 该项目的贡献直接针对神经元 支持存储器的电路。 它的临床意义不是直接的， 然而，这可能是深刻的，因为如果一个完整的 对记忆电路的理解并没有对 重要的--随着人口老龄化--日益严重的健康问题 涉及记忆。