TEMPORAL LOBE SINGLE UNIT ACTIVITY AND MEMORY

颞叶单个单位活动和记忆

• 批准号: 3412419
• 负责人: JAMES L RINGO
• 金额: $ 18.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-07-01 至 1997-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3412419
• 关键词: Macaca; brain electrical activity; interhemispheric transfer; memory; neural information processing; saccades; single cell analysis; temporal lobe /cortex; visual perception; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): Previous studies of visual memory in ventral temporal lobe cortex have been performed by presenting images to monkeys whose gaze is fixed. Preliminary evidence from Ringo's laboratory has shown that over one-third of the units recorded in memory related areas the temporal lobe, (inferotemporal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus and the hippocampal formation) show significant saccadic modulation. This modulation is apparently not a consequence of a shift in visual scene because: (1) cells show saccadic modulation in complete darkness, (2) many cells modulate before the saccades, and (3) non-visual cells can show saccadic modulation. This has led the investigator to suggest that widespread coherent modulation of temporal lobe neurons by saccades may be important in facilitating memory. The experiments described employ single unit recording in behaving monkeys to test the four hypotheses. The first hypothesis is that saccadic modulation is state dependent. That is, it is augmented by general arousal, selective attention to vision and/or purposive command. This will be tested by recording saccades in a broad area of the temporal lobe during auditory and visual tracking and discrimination tasks, and at rest. The second hypothesis, that saccadic modulation has a subcortical route, will be tested by using split brain, cut chiasm monkeys. A subcortical route, will be likely if light delivered to the contralateral eye is capable of modifying the discharge of cells that saccade-modulate in the light in the ipsilateral hemisphere. The third hypothesis is that saccadic modulation has a non-visual role and is therefore found in non-visual cells. To find a population of non- visual cells, studies will be expanded into the upper bank of the superior temporal sulcus, where polymodal cells can be found. The fourth hypothesis is that saccadic modulation functions as a memory modulator and increases single unit memory effects. This will be tested by comparing the amplitude of the decrement with repetition phenomenon in a saccade task and in a fixed gaze task. The prediction here is that decrement in response to a reyeated presentation of a novel stimuli will be greater when the monkey uses saccades to view the new images compared to fixed gaze viewing (the greater the decrement the less novel or the more "remembered" is the cue).

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：既往研究 腹侧颞叶皮层的视觉记忆已经通过 将图像呈现给目光固定的猴子。 初步证据 林戈实验室的研究表明， 记录在记忆相关区域颞叶，（下颞 皮质、海马旁回和海马结构）显示 显著扫视调制。 这种调制显然不是一种 这是视觉场景变化的结果，因为：（1）细胞显示扫视 （2）许多细胞在完全黑暗中调制， （3）非视觉细胞可显示扫视调制。 这 使得研究者认为广泛的相干调制 颞叶神经元的扫视可能是重要的促进 记忆 所描述的实验采用单个单元记录行为 猴子来测试这四个假设。第一个假设是， 扫视调制是依赖于状态的。 也就是说， 一般唤醒，选择性注意视觉和/或有目的的命令。 这将通过记录颞叶广泛区域的扫视来测试。 在听觉和视觉跟踪和辨别任务中， 休息。 第二个假设，扫视调节有一个皮层下的路径， 将通过使用裂脑、切断交叉的猴子进行测试。 皮层下 如果传递到对侧眼睛的光是 能够改变在视网膜中进行扫视调节的细胞的放电， 光在同侧半球。 第三个假设是扫视调制具有非视觉作用 因此存在于非视觉细胞中。找到一个非- 视觉细胞，研究将扩大到上游的 上级颞沟，在那里可以找到多模态细胞。 第四个假设是扫视调制功能作为一种记忆 调制器和增加单个单元记忆效应。 这将受到考验 通过比较衰减的幅度与重复现象 在扫视任务和固定凝视任务中。 这里的预测是， 对一种新刺激的重新呈现的反应是减少的， 当猴子使用扫视来查看新图像时， 固定凝视观看（递减越大，越不新颖，或者 更多的“记住”是线索）。