NEUROBIOLOGY--CHILD DEVELOPMENT, AND DISEASE PATTERNS IN PRIMITIVE CULTURE

神经生物学——原始文化中的儿童发育和疾病模式

• 批准号: 3881666
• 负责人: D CARLETON GAJDUSEK
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3881666
• 关键词: AIDS; Africa; Asia; Australia; Bunyaviridae; China; Commonwealth of Independent States; Indonesia; Japan; Pacific Islands; Parkinson's disease; Scandinavian country; South America; aging; asthma; biological polymorphism; brain disorders; central nervous system; child (0-11); child physical development; child psychology; chronic disease /disorder; cognition; congenital nervous system disorder; cretinisms; degenerative motor system disease; developmental neurobiology; diabetes mellitus; environmental adaptation; environmental stressor; epidemiology; epilepsy; evolution; fertility; field study; filariasis; goiter; hemorrhagic fever; human population genetics; human subject; hysteria; immunology; international cooperation; interview; language development; learning; leprosy; lifestyle; lung disorder; malaria; mathematical ability; mental health epidemiology; molecular genetics; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; nervous system disorder epidemiology; neurochemistry; neuroendocrine system; neurologic manifestations; neurophysiology; nutrition; parasitic diseases; pathology; psychobiology; psychological adaptation; psychological stressor; psychosexual development; reproduction; respiratory disorder; rheumatism; schizophrenia; sex behavior; zoonosis

Studies of human biology of vanishing primitive societies focus on neurological development and learning patterns in diverse cultural experiments in the human condition found in such isolated groups. Opportunistic investigation of problems phrased by man in isolation is the basis of approach from which most of our studies evolved: kuru-CJD, HIV (AIDS), HTLV-I slow virus infections of the CNS, aging and Alzheimer's disease, dementia, ALS/PD. Techniques of molecular genetics, biochemistry, immunology, virology, and field epidemiological, clinical, linguistic and behavioral studies in cultural isolates and genetic and/or geographically isolated primitive bands yield more easily interpretable data than in cosmopolitan societies. Data and specimens from expeditions to Micronesia, Melanesia, Polynesia, South America, Asia and Africa provided valuable in recent HIV (AIDS), HTLV-I, Hantavirus, JC virus of PML and herpes virus, CMV and EBV studies. Studies on nutrition, reproduction, fertility, age of puberty and aging, genetic distance and pleomorphisms, unusual and odd use of the higher cortical functions in language learning, cognitive styles, computation (calculation without words or numbers) and culturally modified sexual behavior elucidate alternative forms of neurologic functioning for man which we would be unable to investigate once the natural cultural experiments in primitive human isolates are amalgamated into the cosmopolitan community of man. Foci of high incidence of kuru, ALS/PD, HTLV-L myelopathy, epilepsy, familial parkinsonism, Viliuisk encephalopathy, other CNS degenerations, hysterical disorders, schizophrenia, neoplasms, goiter, cretinism, rheumatoid diseases, diabetes, asthma, chronic lung disease, malaria, filariasis, leprosy, cysticercosis, and other infections in these isolated groups have yielded widely significant discoveries. HFRS caused by Hantaviruses in Asia, USSR, Europe and newly recognized Hantaviruses in the U.S. are studied. Human evolution and adaptability to high altitude, wet or arid climes, variable food supply, mineral deficiencies, toxic exposures and responses to severe diseases or social/psychological stress are studied in appropriate population. Thus, HTLV-1 and HIV retroviruses as causes of CNS diseases in man were first found in isolated or socially segregated groups, high incidence TSP focus in Tumaco, Colombia; drug using mothers in Newark, New Jersey and are often best studied in these isolated or socially segregated groups.

对正在消失的原始社会的人类生物学的研究重点是 不同文化中的神经发育和学习模式 在人类条件下的实验中发现了这样的孤立群体。 对孤立的人提出的问题进行机会主义的调查是 我们大多数研究的方法基础：库鲁-克雅氏病、艾滋病毒 （艾滋病）、HTLV-I 减缓中枢神经系统的病毒感染、衰老和阿尔茨海默病 疾病、痴呆、ALS/PD。分子遗传学、生物化学技术、 免疫学、病毒学和现场流行病学、临床、语言学和 文化隔离和遗传和/或地理的行为研究 孤立的原始带产生比单独的原始带更容易解释的数据 国际化社会。来自密克罗尼西亚探险的数据和标本， 美拉尼西亚、波利尼西亚、南美洲、亚洲和非洲提供了宝贵的 最近感染过HIV（艾滋病）、HTLV-I、汉坦病毒、PML JC病毒和疱疹病毒， CMV 和 EBV 研究。营养、生殖、生育力、年龄的研究 青春期和衰老、遗传距离和多态性、不寻常和奇怪的使用 语言学习、认知风格中的高级皮质功能， 计算（没有文字或数字的计算）和文化修正 性行为阐明了神经功能的替代形式 一旦自然文化消失，我们就无法对其进行调查 原始人类分离物的实验被合并为 人类的世界性社区。库鲁病、ALS/PD 高发灶、 HTLV-L 脊髓病、癫痫、家族性帕金森病、Viliuisk 脑病、其他中枢神经系统变性、癔病、 精神分裂症、肿瘤、甲状腺肿、呆小病、类风湿病、 糖尿病、哮喘、慢性肺病、疟疾、丝虫病、麻风病、 囊尾蚴病和这些孤立群体中的其他感染已产生 具有广泛意义的发现。在亚洲、苏联、由汉坦病毒引起的 HFRS 研究了欧洲和美国新发现的汉坦病毒。人类 进化和对高海拔、潮湿或干旱气候的适应性，可变 粮食供应、矿物质缺乏、有毒物质暴露和对严重后果的反应 以适当的方式研究疾病或社会/心理压力 人口。 因此，HTLV-1 和 HIV 逆转录病毒是中枢神经系统疾病的原因 在人类中，首先在孤立或社会隔离的群体中发现，高 哥伦比亚图马科的 TSP 发病率重点；新州纽瓦克吸毒母亲 泽西岛，通常在这些孤立或社会隔离的地方进行最好的研究 组。